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U-2 Human evolution

BIO

QuestionAnswer
During what era did primates arise? Paleocene period of the Cenozoic
What class, order, and family do humans belong to? Class: Mammals Order: Primates Family: Hominidae-Great Apes
What are the four extant lineages of great apes? orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos and humans
What are hominins? members of the tribe Hominini
How long ago is it estimated that the human and chimp lineages diverged? share a common ancestor that lived 5-7 mya
How does the molecular evidence support chimps as our closest living relative? Protein-coding sequence of chimps and humans 99% identical
How does chromosomal structure support our common ancestry with chimps? chimps have 24 pairs of chromosomes, appears that two of their chromosomes match different parts of human chromosome 2 -when lined up evident that after chimps and humans branched off, the chimpanzee chromosomes fused to make human chromosome 2
What group of hominins is thought to be the direct ancestor of the genus homo Austrolopithecus
To what genus does “Lucy” belong? Austrolopithecus
Know the relationships between H.ergaster, H.heidelbergensis, H. neandethalensis and H.sapiens H. ergaster branched into H. heidelbergensis in Africa, H. hedelbergensis migrated out of Africa to Middle East and Europe, H. heidelbergensis branched into Neanderthals in europe, H. heidelbergensis branched into H. sapiens in Africa
What is the direct ancestor of Homo sapiens H. heidelbergensis
What other species of homo did H. heidelbergensis give rise to? Neanderthals
In which region are humans and Neanderthals thought to have interbred? Europe
Would you expect to find many Neanderthal-specific sequences in people of direct African descent? No
How long ago did H. Sapiens arise 200-300,000 years ago in Africa
What does the “Multiregional hypothesis” say about how humans evolved? Different ethnic groups today evolved independently from H. heidelbergenis or H. erectus in multiple regions
What does the “Out-of-Africa hypothesis” say about how humans evolved? All humans descend from one African population of Homo sapiens in Africa that then migrated out of Africa and continued to evolve in different regions
What do mitochondrial DNA studies suggest about the ancestry of humans alive today? all humans alive today descended from one H. sapien
Why does the finding above support the Out-of-Africa hypothesis? Because it proves that we all descended from one homo sapien mother in Africa.
Created by: grind2027
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