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Textiles 2.01 & 2.02
Fiber, Fabrics and Finishes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cotton is a ________fiber. | Natural |
| Natural fibers are made from | Animals and Plant |
| Plant fibers are | Cellulosic Fibers |
| Animal fibers are | Protein Fibers |
| Manufactured fibers are | Cellulosic and Non-Cellulosic Fiber |
| The wearing away of any part of material by rubbing against another surface | Abrasion Resistance |
| A process in which one material takes in or absorbs another | Absorbency |
| How well the fiber withstands pressure, wear and/or damage | Durability |
| Ability of a fiber to recover to its original shape after stretching, bending, or compression | Resiliency |
| How strong a fiber is | Strength |
| How well the fiber keeps you warm | Warmth |
| How well the fabric takes moisture away from the body so the moisture can evaporate | Wicking |
| The ability to increase in length when under tension (elongation) and then return to the original length when released (recovery) | Elasticity |
| Strongest natural fiber and is lustrous | Silk |
| Cashmere is a _____________fiber that is natural | Specialty |
| The process of interlocking on or more sets of yarns at right angles on a loom. | Weaving |
| Yarns that run lengthwise in a woven fabric (up and down) | Warp Yarns |
| Yarns that run crosswise in the woven fabric (left and right) | Weft Yarns |
| The direction of the lengthwise and crosswise yarns in a woven fabric | Grain |
| The diagonal grain of a fabric. Provides the greatest stretch in the fabric. | Bias |
| The simplest weave in which the weft (crosswise) yarn is passed over then under each warp (lengthwise) yarn. | Plain Weave |
| A very weak weave that produces a smooth, shiny-surfaced fabric. | Satin Weave |
| A very strong weave in which the weft yarn is passed over and under one, two, or three warp yarns. | Twill weave |
| The raised surface, or nap of a fabric, which is made of upright loops or strands of yarn. | Pile |
| The process of pulling loops of yarns through other loops to create interlocking rows. | Knitting |
| Involves the production of a whole garment in one piece on a knitting machine so that little or no sewing is required. | Seamless Knitting |
| Made from fibers, not yarns. The fibers are held together by a combo of moisture, heat, chemicals, and/or pressure | Nonwoven Fabrics |
| Any special attention you give a garment before laundering | Pretreatment |
| The process of lifting and lowering the iron onto areas of the fabric. | Pressing |
| To clean using chemicals rather than with water and detergent | Dry Cleaning |
| Labels in the garment that tell you how to properly care for the garments | Care Labels |
| Grouping clothing into piles according to how you will launder them | Sorting |
| Product used with detergents to remove stains, whiten, and brighten fabrics | Bleach |
| A color that releases some of its dye on to other fabrics (causes fading of garment) | Bleeding Colors |
| Having colors that will not bleed or fade | Colorfast |
| A fungus that grows on damp fabrics, causing stains | Mildew |
| Dyeing fabric before fibers are spun into yarns | Fiber Dyeing |
| Dyeing that involves dyeing the fabric before it is woven or knitted. | Yarn Dyeing |
| The process for adding color, pattern or design to the surface of the fabric | Fabric Printing |
| The process of color for the design being applied to the fabric as it goes through a series of rollers. | Roller Printing |
| The newest method of fabric printing. It is like ink-jet printing with a computer but rolls the fabric through extra-wide printer. | Digital Printing |
| The method of giving color to textiles using coloring agents called dyes | Dyeing |
| This dyeing process involves dyeing the fabric after it is woven or knitted | Piece Dyeing |
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