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Intro to Bio Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between science and pseudoscience? | Science: based on evidence from controlled experiments, gets updated/revised when new data is revealed; Pseudoscience: based on anecdotal evidence (testimonials), ignores/rejects data that doesn't back up og claims |
| What components make a good scientific study? | testable hypothesis, control group to compare to, minimize variables between the control group and experimental group, large sample size, replicated results |
| * What are variables and how many are tested in a controlled experiment? | only one variable is tested |
| What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data? | Qualitative: deals w/descriptions, data can be observed but not measured, colors/textures/smells/tastes/appearance; Quantitative: deals with #, data which can be measured, length/height/area/temperature/humidity/sound levels/age |
| How is a hypothesis written? | If, then, because statement; include quantifiable results; must be able to be supported or rejected and tested w/ an experiment |
| What is the difference between the experimental and control group? | experimental group=one who gets drug, control group=one who doesn't |
| What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable? Where does each go on a graph? | independent: aka experimental/manipulated variable=thing you are changing, dependent: aka responding variable=what you are measuring/the result of changing the independent variable, DRY MIX (dependent responding y-axis, manipulative independent x-axis) |
| Define the terms hypothesis, and scientific theory and law | hypothesis: testable prediction, theory: explanation "proven" by tons of experimental evidence, law: generalization (often math) "proven" by tons of evidence, LAWS DESCRIBE THEORIES EXPLAIN |
| Write hypothesis: How does the amount of leaves on a tree affect how many birds will build nests in it? | If the amount of leaves on a tree are increased, then the number of birds that will build nests in it will increase because the more leaves there are the more protection the birds will get. |
| * Write hypothesis: How does the acid level of a lake affect how many fish live there? | If acid is added to a lake, then the amount of fish that live there will decrease because |
| * Write hypothesis: How does the amount of milk you drink affect the strength of your bones? | |
| * Write hypothesis: How does the type of shoe I wear (high-heels, tennis shoes, flip flops) affect how high I can jump? | |
| * Write hypothesis: How does the amount of water you give to a plant each day (no water, 1 spoonful, 1 cup) affect how tall the plant will grow after 3 weeks? | |
| Write problem statement: If I feed my dog Purina Dog Chow, he will have more energy because Purina is full of vitamins. | How does feeding a dog Purina Dog Chow affect his/her energy levels? |
| Write problem statement: If I give my teacher chocolate, then she will give me less homework because she will be happier. | How does giving a teacher chocolate affect how much homework a student receives? |
| How many of the eight characteristics does an organism have to have in order to be considered living? | All |
| Describe the 8 characteristics of life. | Metabolism, Reproduce, DNA, Respond to environment, Composed of cells, Homeostasis, Evolve, Grow and develop |
| Compare and contrast prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells. | Pro: small, single celled, no membrane bound organelles, no nucleus; Eu: larger, contains organelles, has nucleus; Both: DNA, ribosome, membrane, cytoplasm |
| If an organism is made up of one cell, it is called | unicellular |
| Describe the structure of a virus. | Genome of either DNA or RNA, capsid or protein coat that surrounds genome, envelope of lipids and protein surrounding the capsid (not all viruses), enzymes (some; most reply on host cell enzyme) |
| Are viruses considered alive? Why or why not? | No, because they don't fulfill all the characteristics of life |
| Describe the difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles. | Lytic: host cell makes viral proteins & assembles viral particles. Cell is lysed & viruses released. Lysogenic: Viral DNA is inserted into the cell's DNA & is replicated with the cell. No production of viruses. |
| Different rose bushes are grown in a greenhouse for two months. The number of flowers on each bush is counted at the end of the experiment. | IV: DV: SV: CG: Hypothesis: |
| You water three sunflower plants with salt water. Each plant receives a different concentration of salt solutions. A fourth plant receives pure water. After a two-week period, the height is measured. | IV: DV: SV: CG: Hypothesis: |
| three redwood trees are kept at different humidity levels inside a greenhouse for 12 weeks. One tree is left outside in normal conditions. The heights of the trees are measured once a week. | IV: DV: SV: CG: Hypothesis: |
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undercoverkookie68
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