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Module 3B - Ecology
Second Half Module 3 - Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nitrogen fixation | the process which converts nitrogen gas into chemically active molecules that many organisms can use |
| Nitrogen-fixing bacteria | organisms used in the nitrogen cycle to take nitrogen gas from the air and convert it to ammonia or ammonium ions |
| Nitrifying Bacteria | organisms used in the nitrogen cycle to convert ammonia or ammonium ions to nitrates and nitrites |
| Ammonification | the process of fixing nitrogen from atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia or ammonium ions to be used by plants as a source of nitrogen |
| Denitrification | process that uses bacteria to take nitrogen out of the food chain and return it to the atmosphere |
| Nitrification | process that uses bacteria to break down ammonia into nitrites and nitrates to be assimilated into the ground and used by producers |
| Habitat | the specific environment of an organism, both biotic and abiotic |
| Niche | an organism’s role in its ecosystem, including its habitat, physical requirements (such as light, water, food sources), the time of day it is active, its place on the food chain, and where and how it reproduces |
| Intraspecific Competition | occurs when members of the same species compete for some resource |
| Interspecific Competition | occurs between members of different species |
| Competitive Exclusion | when members of different species compete for scarce food resources and one succeeds over the other |
| Predation | relationship between species where one organism (the predator) eats another (the prey) |
| Mutualism | a relationship between two or more organisms of different species where all benefit from the association |
| Commensalism | a relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited |
| Parasitism | a relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed |
| Ecological Succession | series of changes affecting a community |
| Primary Succession | any time a community arises in an area of no soil |
| Secondary succession | when a disturbance damages an existing community but leaves the soil intact |
| Exponential growth | population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever-increasing population |
| Logistic growth | population growth that is controlled by limited resources or the presence of predators or both |
| Symbiosis | a close relationship between two or more species where at least one benefits |
| Pioneer Species | the first organisms to appear in primary succession |
| Population density | the number of individuals of a particular species in a given area |
| Growth rate | depends on three things: the number of births in a population, the number of deaths in a population, and the number of individuals that leave or enter a population |
Created by:
MelRodriguez
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