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Niamh

Higher Human Revision

TermDefinition
What is a tumour? A mass of abnormal cells
When does cancer develop? When cells divide excessively because they fail to respond to regulatory signals
Which stem cells are multi potent? Tissue stem cells
What is differentiation It is when cells express genes to produce proteins which are characteristic to a particular type of cell.
How does secondary cancer develop When cells within a tumour fail to stick together and spread body through the body
Which stem cells are pluripotent Embryonic stem cells
How many divisions are there in meiosis 2
What do germline stem cells differentiate to become? gametes
How many types of cellular divisions are there? 2 (mitosis & meiosis)
Are haploid cells formed after the first or second meiotic division? 1st
What is a primer? A short strand of nucleotides that binds to the 3' end of the TEMPLATE strand of DNA and allows polymerase to add DNA nucleotides
What is the temperature range for stage 1 of PCR 92 to 98 degrees Celsius
What happens at stage 2 of PCR Primers bind to the 3' ends of the template strands
How many different primers are needed in PCR 2
What happens at stage 1 of PCR High temperatures are used to break the hydrogen bonds between the DNA strands
What is the function of DNA polymerase? DNA polymerase adds DNA nucleotides using complementary base pairing to the 3' end of the NEW DNA strand forming.
What is the temperature range of stage 3 of PCR? 70 to 80 degrees Celsius.
What is PCR used for? To AMPLIFY a sample of DNA for...crime solving OR paternity testing OR diagnosing genetic disorders.
What is the temperature range of stage 2 of PCR? 50 to 65 degrees Celsius.
What are the 4 chromosome mutations? Translocation, Deletion, Duplication, Inversion
What happens at stage 3 of PCR Heat resistant DNA polymerase replicates the target region of DNA
How many different types of RNA are there? 3
Which type of RNA has anti- codons tRNA
Which chromosome mutation involve non- homologous chromosomes? Translocation
Which type of single gene mutation results in premature stop codons? non sense
Where does RNA splicing take place? Nucleus
What is the name for the process where DNA is copied into mRNA Transcription
What causes tRNA to fold into its particular shape? Complementary base pairing
Created by: nscobie
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