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509 Mitosis

TermDefinition
Mitosis - the division of the nucleus into two identical nuclei sometimes used to refer to mitosis plus cytokinesis mitosis plus cytokinesis produces two identical daughter cells
stages of mitosis - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase PMAT
DNA replication - occurs well before mitosis when mitosis begins, the cell already has two copies of its DNA
sister chromatids - identical copies of the same chromosome prior to mitosis, they are connected to each other while connected to each other, they are called sister chromatids
chromatin - DNA plus the many proteins that are connected to it
histones - proteins that are attached to DNA molecules
chromosomes - composed of DNA prior to mitosis, they are not condensed during mitosis, they are condensed condensed chromosomes have an "X" shape
condensed - compacted shrunken to take up less space
centromere - the region of the sister chromatids that is attached to each other
kinetochore - a structure in the centromere region of each chromatid it is the structure the mitotic spindle attaches to
centrosomes - the region of the cytoplasm from which the mitotic spindles emerge to help guide mitosis
mitotic spindles - fibers made of protein they attach to the sister chromatids during mitosis they help pull the sister chromatids apart also referred to as microtubules also referred to as spindle fibers
prophase - during prophase, the chromosomes condense, the nucleus dissolves, the centrioles become visible, and the mitotic spindles form
metaphase - think "m" for "middle" During metaphase, the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and the mitotic spindles attach to the kinetochores
anaphase - think "a" for "apart" During anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart by the mitotic spindles
telophase - the last phase of mitosis during telophase, the mitotic spindles disappear, new nuclear envelopes form, and the chromosomes de-condense, or uncoil
telo- - a prefix means end
cyto- - a prefix means cell
cytokinesis - often referred to as "division of the cytoplasm" when a cell divides into two daughter cells
Created by: Mr. Ford
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