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Microbiology
CH 18 - Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Term for the bacteria that require oxygen to grow. | Aerobes |
| Term for the bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen. | Anaerobes |
| The rod-shaped bacteria that cause tuberculosis and other diseases. | Bacilli |
| A yeast commonly found in the oral cavity, GI tract, female genital tract and sometimes on the skin. | Candida |
| A painless ulcerating sore; the first stage of syphilis, on the lip it may resemble herpes but with a darker crust. | Chancre |
| Spherical bacterial cells that reproduce by dividing into two. | Cocci |
| A rare chronic brain disease with onset in middle to late life (40-60 yrs); effects the CNS causing Dementia. | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease |
| Rare but deadly virus that causes bleeding inside and outside of the body; spread through direct contact w/ blood and bodily fluids of an infected person. | Ebola |
| Resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions. | Endospores |
| Organisms that can grow with or without oxygen. | Facultative Anaerobes |
| Plants, such as mushrooms, yeasts, and molds that lack chlorophyll. | Fungi |
| Classification of bacteria that do not hold a dye stain under a microscope. | Gram Negative |
| Classification of bacteria that hold a dye stain under a microscope and appear dark purple. | Gram Positive |
| A four=step staining process developed by Hans Christian Gram and used to separate bacteria into groups. | Gram's Stain |
| Classification of bacteria that are not consistently stained; ex Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. | Gram Variable |
| Form of respiratory disease of pigs caused by a virus known as swine flu that spreads very easily from person to person. | H1N1 |
| A DNA virus that causes infection in humans, such as herpes, cytomegalovirus, shingles, mononucleosis, measles, and Kaposi's sarcoma. | Herpesvirus |
| Term meaning dormant. | Latent |
| Name for the study of microorganisms. | Microbiology |
| Abnormal smallness of the head, a congenital condition associated with incomplete brain development. | Microcephaly |
| Type of staph infection that is resistant to several common antibiotics. | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) |
| Term pertaining to microorganisms that do not produce disease. | Nonpathogenic |
| Candida yeast infection of the oral mucosa. | Oral Candidiasis |
| A condition that occurs throughout the people of a country or the world. | Pandemic |
| Disease-producing microorganisms. | Pathogens |
| Term meaning through the skin, such as a needle stick, a cut, or a human bite. | Percutaneous |
| A small, flat dish made of thick glass or plastic that contains sterile solid medium for the culture of microorganisms. | Petri Plate |
| Infectious particles of proteins that lack nucleic acids (DNA or RNA); dangerous in that they cause normal proteins to change their shape; linked to Mad Cow, Creutzfeldt-Jakob and possibly Alzheimer's. | Prions |
| Single-celled microscopic animals without a rigid cell wall; found in freshwater, marine habitats and moist soil; cause intestinal infections or invade blood, lungs, liver or brain. | Protozoa |
| Term for a virus that is hidden into the nucleic acid of the host cell during the latent period. | Provirus |
| A spiral-shaped bacteria that have a flexible cell wall and are capable of movement; ex Lyme disease from the bite of an infected deer tick and Syphilis. | Spirochetes |
| Cocci that form irregular groups or clusters; ex boils, and other skin infections, endocarditis, and pneumonia. | Staphylococci |
| Cocci that form chains as they divide; ex pharyngitis (aka strep throat), tonsillitis, pneumonia, and endocarditis. | Streptococci |
| Intermittent heating, or fractional, sterilization used to kill bacteria in both heat-stable and heat-sensitive forms; discovered by John Tyndall. | Tyndallization |
| Term meaning capable of causing serious disease. | Virulent |
| Ultramicroscopic infectious agents that contain DNA or RNA; can live and multiply ONLY inside an appropriate host cell. | Viruses |
| A virus that is spread to people primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito. | Zika |
| A Coronavirus that is spread person to person; can be mild or severe causing long lasting health problems causing millions of dealths. | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Most common STD; can cause health problems including genital warts and cancer. | HPV |
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