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BIO 1B1

macromolecules

TermDefinition
Carbohydrate Elements CHO 1:2:1
Carbohydrate Monomer monosaccharides (glucose)
Carbohydrate Polymer disaccharides and polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin)
Lipid Elements CH(O)
Lipid Monomer fatty acid
Lipid Polymer fat, phospholipids, steroid, wax
Protein Elements CHON
Protein Monomer amino acid
Protein Polymer polypeptide
Nucleic Acid Elements CHONP
Nucleic Acid Monomer nucleotide
Nucleic Acid Polymer DNA and RNA
Carbohydrate - glucose main energy source for cells; short-term energy
Carbohydrate - starch glucose storage for plants
Carbohydrate - glycogen glucose storage for animals
Carbohydrate - cellulose structure for plant cell walls
Carbohydrate - chitin structure for fungi and insect exoskeletons
Lipid - fat long-term energy storage; insulation; protection
Lipid - phospholipid cell membrane component
Lipid - steroid hormones
Lipid - wax waterproof covering
Protein - muscle/skin/bones/feathers structure
Protein - receptors/hormones chemical messengers
Protein - antibodies protect against diseases
Protein - transport used to move things in and around the cell
Protein - enzymes speed up reactions
Nucleic Acid - DNA forms genes; genetic code; provides instructions
Nucleic Acid - RNA protein synthesis
Created by: M. Clay
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