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Protein Synthesis
Term | Definition |
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Protein Synthesis | The combination of the transcription of a region of DNA followed by translation into protein |
Transcription | The copying of the DNA sequence into an mRNA sequence |
Translation | The production of a protein according to the mRNA sequence |
Transcription | - The transfer of information in the nucleus from a DNA nucleotide to an RNA molecule - DNA is unwound - Complementary RNA base bonds with the template strand - Enzyme RNA polymerase joins the RNA bases together - New strand of mRNA is formed |
Translation | - The conversion of the mRNA code into the amino acid sequence in a protein. |
The 3 stages of translation | 1. Initiation 2. Elongation 3. Termination |
Initiation | The mRNA binds to a ribosome |
Elongation | The strand of mRNA is pulled through the ribosome three bases at a time, in triplets, tRNA molecules add amino acids to a growing peptide chain |
Termination | The ribosome comes to a stop codon and the peptide chain and the mRNA detach from the ribosome |