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Unit 4 Vocabulary
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Test Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants and some other organisms capture light energy and use it to make food from carbon dioxide and water |
| pigment | a colored chemical compound that absorbs light |
| chlorophyll | a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
| chloroplast | a structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food |
| stomata | the small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move |
| respiration | the process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain |
| fermentation | the process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| energy | the ability to make change |
| molecule | the smallest unit of a compound |
| glycoloysis | the first stage of cellular respiration; glucose is split in the cytoplasm |
| ATP | the form of energy usable by cells |
| glucose | sugar molecule produced during photosynthesis and used during respiration |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element |
| element | matter in which all the atoms are the same; cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| compound | two or more elements that are chemically combined |