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Amphibians
test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Why are amphibians sometimes used as a tool to support the theory of evolution? | They can change from living in water to living on the land |
| Where does the name "amphibian" come from? | double life: part in water, part on land |
| Outline the advantages of living in water | -Don’t dry out -Less affected by gravity (more buoyancy) -less temperature change (less fluctuation) |
| Outline the advantages of living on land | -Greater oxygen concentration -More food available (eat insects) |
| What does "ectothermic" mean and why is it important in amphibian habitat? | “cold-blooded”: body temperature is affected by the environment when conditions are unfavorable - hibernate in the mud in the bottom of the pond (breathe through their skin) |
| Name the three classes of amphibians (use common names and characteristics). | Jumping amphibians - frogs and toads require water to incubate eggs (external fertilization and incubation) Amphibians with a tail - salamanders Amphibians without feet - caecilians: look like huge earthworms found only in the tropics |
| What is a nictitating membrane? | clear membrane that covers and protects the eyes |
| What is the function of the tympanic membrane? the Eustachian tube? | senses vibrations equalizes pressure |
| List the main functions of the skin. | helps them to breathe camouflage warning coloration protection (granular glands) |
| Why is the tongue of a frog unique? | it is forked so it helps it breathe |
| Explain the importance of the teeth of a frog. | so they can hold onto their prey |
| What are the functions of the intestine? Identify the functional units inside the intestine and why they are important. | absorb nutrients and water filli - more surface area for absorption |
| What is the function of the mesentery? | to hold the internal organs in place. |
| Name the two functions of the cloaca. | excretion of wastes (solid and liquid) reproduction |
| Of what importance is the liver as an accessory organ to the digestive system? | produces bile stores glucose filters blood |
| What does the gallbladder do? | stores the bile |
| List the details on how the pancreas relates to the digestive system. | secretes enzymes that digest CHO’s, lipids, proteins produces insulin |
| What is the difference between a tadpole and an adult frog heart? | a tadpole has a 2 chamber heart and an adult frog has a 3 chamber heart |
| Explain the function of each of the chambers of an adult amphibian heart. | right atrium – collects deoxygenated blood from the body left atrium – collects oxygenated blood from the lungs ventricle – pumps mixed blood to lungs and body |
| How does fertilization take place in adult frogs? | external fertilization |
| Explain the different ways that amphibians can respire. | diffusion through the skin pulmonary - lungs air is pulled in through the nostrils with the floor of the mouth forced from the mouth through the glottis to the lungs |
| What are the two main wastes produced by amphibians? | nitrogen wastes and metabolic wastes |
| What are the male gonads and what do they produce? | testes produce sperm |
| What are the female gonads and what do they produce? | ovaries produce eggs |
| Identify the key features of frog eggs and their importance in surviving to maturity. | encased in a jelly-like substance dark on the top light on bottom absorb light and turn it into heat and camouflage |
| Adult frog characteristics | Terrestrial Breathes with lungs and skin no tail (frogs and toads) Heart has 3 chambers Cannot regenerate body parts Diet - insects, warms |
| Tadpole characteristics | Lives in water Breathes with gills has a tail Heart has 2 chambers Able to regenerate (re-grow) body parts Diet - algae, insect larvae, small crustaceans |
Created by:
KiahnaL
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