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AP Bio Unit 8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Levels of Ecology | Organism -> Population -> Community -> Ecosystem -> Biosphere |
| Population | All the organisms in an area belonging to the same species |
| Population Density | The number of individuals per unit area (determined by resources availability in that particular environment) |
| Distribution Patterns | Pattern of dispersal of individuals across an area of interest Patterns: random, uniform, clumped |
| Abiotic | Nonliving (light, water, temp, precip) |
| Biotic | Living (food, mates) |
| Dispersal | The ability of a specific organism to move through its habitat has impacts on distribution patterns |
| Random distribution | Wind and tides moving organisms |
| Uniform distribution | Organisms protecting a territory of which they have the supplies they need to survive |
| Clumped distribution | Formed when organisms hunt in packs for protection and mating purposes |
| Population Growth | Usual number of offspring per reproductive event Chances of survival unil age of reproduction How often each individual reproduces Age at which reproduction begins |
| Exponential Growth | Rapid, unrestricted growth (max growth), resources are available |
| Logistic Growth | Growth limited by resource availability |
| Density Dependent | Vary in importance or effect based on density of population (competition, predation, disease) |
| Density Independent | WIll impact the population in the same way, regardless of density of population (fires, floods, storms, habitat destruction) |
| Intraspecific | interactions occur between individuals in the same population |
| Interspecific | interactions occur between members of different populations |
| Biodiversity | Based on species richness and relative abundance ( the higher the biodiversity the greater its resilience to environmental change) |
| r- strategists | produce lots of offspring and invest very little in each, opportunistic species, die faster |
| k-strategists | allocate energy to their growth and survival of their offspring have fewer offspring but invest heavily in their offspring, live longer |
| Biomass | decreases as you go higher up the pyramid ( mass of an organism with no water in the body) |
| Human Impacts | Deforestation, Urbanization, modern agricultural practices |
| Biological Magnification | Process by which substances become more concentrated in organisms in the higher tropic levels of a food web |
Created by:
vanhaaka
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