Biological change over time that causes descendants to be different from their ancestors

Organisms with traits that make them better adapted to their environment will live longer and reproduce more than organisms less adapted to the environment.

All the genes available in a population.

When traits that favor reproduction, even though they may decrease an organism's ability to survive, become more common over time.

When allelic frequencies re stable and unchanging, therefore evolution is not occurring.

A physical trait that increases an organism's ability to survive in its environment

When two organisms, such as predator and prey, evolve in response to one another.

Slow change in allele frequencies over long periods of time.

Evolution that results in the formation of analogous structures.

Evolution that results in the formation of homologous structures.

Sudden elimination of a species due to a catastrophic event

Slow elimination of species caused by small environmental changes over extended periods of time

When isolation, such as geography, causes two populations of organisms to become so different that they can no longer reproduce with each other and create viable offspring.

organisms (resulting from sexual reproduction) capable of surviving successfully in particular environments

population with unique traits adapted to their specific environment and able to interbreed

similar body structures, such as fins (whales, clownfish, sharks), due to organisms living in the same environment (the ocean), not the same ancestry

Homologous Structures

body structures similar in orientation, but completely different in function due to organisms living in different environments (limbs of cats, humans, horses, etc.)

Examples: ostrich wings, whale leg bones

Remnants of organisms such as imprints, bones, feces, etc.

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Evolution Vocabulary

Term	Definition
Evolution	Biological change over time that causes descendants to be different from their ancestors
Natural Selection	Organisms with traits that make them better adapted to their environment will live longer and reproduce more than organisms less adapted to the environment.
Gene pool	All the genes available in a population.
Gene flow example	Migration
Sexual selection	When traits that favor reproduction, even though they may decrease an organism's ability to survive, become more common over time.
Genetic equilibrium	When allelic frequencies re stable and unchanging, therefore evolution is not occurring.
Adaptation	A physical trait that increases an organism's ability to survive in its environment
Coevolution	When two organisms, such as predator and prey, evolve in response to one another.
Gradualism	Slow change in allele frequencies over long periods of time.
Convergent evolution	Evolution that results in the formation of analogous structures.
Divergent evolution	Evolution that results in the formation of homologous structures.
Mass extinction	Sudden elimination of a species due to a catastrophic event
Gradual extinction	Slow elimination of species caused by small environmental changes over extended periods of time
Speciation	When isolation, such as geography, causes two populations of organisms to become so different that they can no longer reproduce with each other and create viable offspring.
Viable offspring	organisms (resulting from sexual reproduction) capable of surviving successfully in particular environments
Species	population with unique traits adapted to their specific environment and able to interbreed
Analogous Structures	similar body structures, such as fins (whales, clownfish, sharks), due to organisms living in the same environment (the ocean), not the same ancestry
Homologous Structures	body structures similar in orientation, but completely different in function due to organisms living in different environments (limbs of cats, humans, horses, etc.)
Vestigial Structures	Examples: ostrich wings, whale leg bones
Fossils	Remnants of organisms such as imprints, bones, feces, etc.

Created by: jkcox

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