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Term

Evolution
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Natural Selection
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Evolution Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Evolution Biological change over time that causes descendants to be different from their ancestors
Natural Selection Organisms with traits that make them better adapted to their environment will live longer and reproduce more than organisms less adapted to the environment.
Gene pool All the genes available in a population.
Gene flow example Migration
Sexual selection When traits that favor reproduction, even though they may decrease an organism's ability to survive, become more common over time.
Genetic equilibrium When allelic frequencies re stable and unchanging, therefore evolution is not occurring.
Adaptation A physical trait that increases an organism's ability to survive in its environment
Coevolution When two organisms, such as predator and prey, evolve in response to one another.
Gradualism Slow change in allele frequencies over long periods of time.
Convergent evolution Evolution that results in the formation of analogous structures.
Divergent evolution Evolution that results in the formation of homologous structures.
Mass extinction Sudden elimination of a species due to a catastrophic event
Gradual extinction Slow elimination of species caused by small environmental changes over extended periods of time
Speciation When isolation, such as geography, causes two populations of organisms to become so different that they can no longer reproduce with each other and create viable offspring.
Viable offspring organisms (resulting from sexual reproduction) capable of surviving successfully in particular environments
Species population with unique traits adapted to their specific environment and able to interbreed
Analogous Structures similar body structures, such as fins (whales, clownfish, sharks), due to organisms living in the same environment (the ocean), not the same ancestry
Homologous Structures body structures similar in orientation, but completely different in function due to organisms living in different environments (limbs of cats, humans, horses, etc.)
Vestigial Structures Examples: ostrich wings, whale leg bones
Fossils Remnants of organisms such as imprints, bones, feces, etc.
Created by: jkcox
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