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anatomy and physiology

QuestionAnswer
Autothythmic cells Cells of the conduction system that initiate and distribute electrical impulses to adjacent cells which stimulate heart muscle to contract.
Baroreceptors Sensory receptors in blood vessels of heart that responds to change in pressure.
Basophils Granulocytes that assist in the inflammatory response by secreating histamine and heparin to increase blood flow by vasodilation and thin the blood
What is conduction Specialised muscle cells in the heart wall send electrical impulses causing myocardium to contract.
What is blood pressure cardiac output x peripheral resistance. The pressure exerted by blood against the arterial wall by pumping force of heart.
What is Cell respiration metabolic processes that occur in cells to create energy (atp) and waste through nutrients.
3 types of cell communication Autocrine signalling- sell signals to itself Paracrine signalling - Short distance , neighbouring cells. Endocrine signalling-cells transmit over a long distance through the bloodstream.
Capillaries Small blood vessels that link arterioles to venules and enable exchange of water, nutrients and waste products between blood and tissues
Cardiac cycle takes 0.8. one complete heartbeat during which the heart contracts (systole) and relaxes (diastole).
Cadiac output The volume of blood pumped out of the heart per min = stroke volume x heart rate.
What is Cogulation A complex series of reactions in which positive feedback enhances the action of clotting factors, resulting in blood clot formation.
What is a collecting duct A duct in the kidneys that collects the filtrate from a number of nephrons.
Creatine clearence The rate at which creatine is cleared from the blood by the kidney
Creatine Creatine is a waste product that comes from the normal wear and tear on muscles.
Lung capacities An adult takes 12-15 breaths per min. and 500ml of air (tidal volume)
Daltons Law The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases
Henrys law at the air-water interface,for a given temperature,the amount of gas dissolves in the water is determined by its solubility in water and its partial pressure in air
External respiration The exchange of gases between the alveoli and their surrounding capillaries.
Internal respiration Cells use oxygen to produce ATP. oxygen is always lower in tissue than in blood. oxygen moves in and co2 moves out.
PH range 7.35-7.45
what is pulmonary ventilation the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the alveoli
What controls the basic respiration rhythm? The nervous system in the medulla oblongata and pons (hindbrain)
The pharynx is divided into 3 sub divisions Nasopharyynx, oroparynx and laryngopharynx
Carbon dioxide is carried from body tissue in what form? Bicarbonate ions
Ascending (afferent) neurons neurons that carry information up the spinal cord to the brain for prosessing
Axon Long projection in a neuron that carries action potential
Basal metabolic rate The rate at which energy is used while at rest to maintain organ function
Action potential The change in electrical potential in the membrane of a neuron to send electrical impulse along its length
Amino acid organic compounds containing nitrogen that combine to form proteins
Central nervous system (CNS) The division of the nervous system made up of brain and spinal cord
Cerebellum part of the brain that coordinates the muscles of the body, regulates muscle tone and posture and important in cognition
Cerebrum part of the brain consisting of cerebral cortex (grey matter) underlying white matter, the basal nuclei and limbic system
Created by: erharper14
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