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Biology Test

Bio

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following is NOT a goal of science? to use data to support a particular point of view.
A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test a single variable.
The basic unit of mass in the International System of Units, or SI, is the Gram.
The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains electrons
Which of the following makes up a molecule of water? two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
Which of the following statements about a compound is true? c. The physical and chemical properties of a compound are usually very different from those of the elements from which it is formed.
What type of electron is available to form bonds? Valance
What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons? Positive
Cells fall into two broad categories, depending on whether they Have a nucleus
Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus? Cytoplasm
Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use? Mitochondria
Diffusion occurs because molecules constantly move and collide with one another.
Which of the following is an organ of the digestive system? Stomach
Energy is released from ATP when A phosphate group is removed
A granum is a(an) a. stack of thylakoids.
The light-collecting units of a chloroplast are the Stroma
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions? oxygen gas, ATP, NADPH
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration? glucose and oxygen
starting molecule for glycolysis is Glucose
Which process is used to produce beer and wine? Alcoholic fermentation
Which of the following passes high-energy electrons into the electron transport chain? NADH and FADH2
As a cell becomes larger, its volume increases faster than its surface area.
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible? only during the M phase
When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated? S phase
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell? Metaphase
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence? prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
A Punnett square shows all of the following EXCEPT the actual results of a genetic cross.
A cross of a white hen with a black rooster produces erminette-color offspring. This type of inheritance is known as codominance
If an organism’s diploid number is 12, its haploid number is Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? 6
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
Unlike DNA, RNA contains adenine
Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis? messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids? 3
Which of the following are shown in a karyotype? homologous chromosomes, sex chromosomes, autosomes
What is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female? 50 percent
A person who has PKU inherited the allele for the trait from both parents.
Which of the following genotypes result in the same phenotype? IBIB and IBi
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome.
Because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for normal development, no baby has been born without an X chromosome.
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female? XX
The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA.
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype? 46
Human females produce egg cells that have one X chromosome.
Which of the following is caused by a dominant allele? Huntington’s disease
Which of the following is determined by multiple alleles? ABO blood group
Sex-linked genes are located on both the X chromosome and Y chromosome.
The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called nondisjunction
What is evolution? change in one or more characteristics in a population of organisms over a period of time.
Jean-Baptist Lamarck French naturalist and botanist. Main contributor to cell theory
Alfred Wallace One of 1st scientist to raise concern over man’s effect on environment. Also developed an evolutionary theory
Genetic Drift Change in the random frequency of a gene pool by chance
James Hutton Proposed that the earth had to be millions of years old not thousands
Charles Lyell Helped Darwin understand geologic forces and changes over very long periods of time
Natural Selection The controlling “natural” force of evolution. The natural forces which control population
Artificial Selection The modification of species by humans
Fitness is the ability of a species to survive and reproduce so that the species continues.
Idea of Common Descent all living species descended from common ancestors.
Adaptation change that allows members of a species to survive better in their environment. It allows them to reproduce and continue the species.
Vestigial Organs structures that do not serve a purpose in an organism, but may have served purpose in ancestor of organism.
Homologous structures structures that developed from the same body parts, but serve different functions in different organisms.
Gene Pool All of the combined genes of a given population
Genetic Variation Variety of genes/alleles allows for evolution
Randomness An unpredictable outcome chosen from a limited number of possibilities
Species A population or group of populations that potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Reproductive Isolation populations of a species are separated for a long period of time.
ADAPTIVE RADIATION (Divergent Evolution) one species gives rise to many different species.
When was Darwin’s book published? 1859 (The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection)
What ship sus Darwin sail on? HMS Beagle
Created by: devin1383
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