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Chapter 17 Vocab

Chapter 17: The Tree of Life

TermDefinition
Taxonomy the science of naming and classifying organisms
Taxon a group of organisms in a classification system
Binomial Nomenclature a system that gives each species a two-part scientific name using Latin roots
Genus includes one or more physically similar species that are thought to be closely related
Phylogeny the evolutionary history for a group of species
Cladistics classification based on common ancestry
Cladogram a diagram based on patterns of shared, derived traits that shows the evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms
Derived Character the traits that can be used to figure out evolutionary relationships among a group of species are those that are shared by some species but are not present in others
Molecular Clock are models that use mutation rates to measure evolutionary time
Mitochondrial DNA DNA found only in mitochondria, the energy factories of cells
Ribosomal DNA is contained by ribosomes and is useful for studying distantly related species
Bacteria single-celled prokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria
Archaea single-celled prokaryotes (known for their ability to live in extreme environments)
Eukarya made up of all organisms with eukaryotic cells
Created by: SavanahT
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