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8th-sci-Genetics

TermDefinition
heredity the passing of genetic material from parents to offspring
Gregor Mendel the scientific father of genetics
characteristic a feature that has different forms within a population
true-breeding plant a plant that is homozygous for a particular trait
dominant allele Describes an allele that is fully expressed whenever the allele is present in an individual.
genetics the science of heredity and the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parents to offspring
gene a section of DNA that contains instructions for making a specific certain characteristic
genotype the combination of alleles you inherit from your parents
allele different variations of a gene
phenotype an organism's physical appearance that results from the organism's genotype and the environment
recessive Describes an allele that is expressed only when no dominant allele is present in an individual.
homozygous Describes the combination of two alleles that are the same.
heterozygous Describes the combination of two alleles that are different.
complete dominance When one allele is completely dominant over the other allele and is fully expressed.
Incomplete dominance When neither allele is dominant and the phenotype of the traits mix.
codominance When both alleles are dominant and the phenotype shows both traits.
inherited trait a trait that is controlled by an organism's genes
acquired trait a trait that is the result of only the environment or choices of the organism.
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