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ECE 1 Target/Stn 06b
ECE1-06b Newborn and Infants
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Reflex | an intensive automatic responses (i.e. rooting, swallowing, grasping) |
Object permanence | the realization that an object still exists, even if it is out of sight. |
Attachment (secure attachment) | The bond between a parent or primary caregiver and a child. |
Separation Anxiety | a child's fear or response to being away from parent or primary caregiver |
Developmental Milestones | an ability or skill that is usually achieved by a certain age (ie. walking) |
Stimulating Environment | a space that is colorful and has many items that would motivate a child to grow and learn |
Gross motor Skills | body movements that use and coordinate large muscles (ie arms and legs) |
Fine Motor Skill | body movements that use and coordinate the small muscles (ie. the fingers and wrists) |
Myelin | waxy substance that coats the brain axons & make information easier to transmit |
Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) | A condition that results in brain damage and other problems due to violent shaking of a baby |
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) | The unexpected and unexplained death of a baby, usually before 6 months of age. |
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) | The detrimental outcome to a baby caused by drinking alcohol during pregnancy. |
Cephalocaudal Principle | a child first gains control of the head, then of the arms, then the legs.(head and face in first 2 mo, etc.) |
Proximodistal Principle | a baby's development proceeds from the center of the body (the core) outward to the extremities. |
Physical Development | growth of body, coordination and strength; partly dependent on nutrition |
Cognitive Development | ability to increase knowledge and skill in the brain |
Social Development | the ability to get along well with others, able to form healthy relationships |
Emotional Development | the ability to understand what you are feeling, and how to behave appropriately in response to those feelings |
Moral Development | the ability to know and practice the right behaviors based on a cultural standard of what is right |
Neglect | A type of child abuse that fails to provide for the needs of the child |
Cerebral Palsy (BD) | A birth defect that is the result of brain damage before, during or after delivery. |
Cleft Lip or Palate (BD) | A gap in the lip or roof of the mouth which causes difficulty eating, swallowing, speech and appearance. |
Cystic Fibrosis (BD) | A hereditary disorder affecting digestion and respiratory system. This disorder can lead to a shortened lifespan. |
Adrenoleukodystrophy (BD) | A birth defect in which inability to manage fatty acids causes loss of all physical function. |
Down Syndrome (BD) | A chromosomal disorder present at birth that may include cognitive shortfall, problems with vital organs and poor muscle tone. |
Muscular Dystrophy (BD) | A usually hereditary disorder that causes progressive weakness and shrinking of muscles |
Sickle Cell (BD) | A disorder in which malformed red blood cells interfere with the supply of oxygen to the body. |
Spina Bifida (BD) | A genetic disorder indicated by an incompletely formed spinal cord. |
Tay Sachs (BD) | A genetic disorder that cause a baby to be unable to process fats in their food. |
Rooting Reflex | The rooting reflex in babies is a basic survival instinct. This reflex helps your baby find and latch onto a bottle or your breast to begin feeding. When you gently stroke the corner of your baby's mouth with your nipple, they should instinctively turn their head toward it to nurse. |
Moro Reflex | The Moro reflex is a normal reflex for an infant when he or she is startled or feels like they are falling. The infant will have a startled look and the arms will fling out sideways with the palms up and the thumbs flexed. Absence of the Moro reflex in newborn infants is abnormal and may indicate an injury or disease. |
Palmar Grasp | The palmar grasp reflex (or grasp reflex) is a primitive and involuntary reflex found in infants of humans and most primates. When an object, such as an adult finger, is placed in an infant's palm, the infant's fingers reflexively grasp the object. |
Babinski Reflex | Reflexes are responses that occur when the body receives a certain stimulus. The Babinski reflex occurs after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked. The big toe then moves upward or toward the top surface of the foot. The other toes fan out. |
Walking (Stepping Reflex) Reflex | This reflex is also called the walking or dance reflex because a baby appears to take steps or dance when held upright with his or her feet touching a solid surface. This reflex lasts about 2 months. |