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biology 3rd quarter

county assessment 3rd quarter

QuestionAnswer
What is the relationship between a gene and a chromosome? a gene is found on a chromosome
List the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA and their base pairs. Guanine is paired with Cytosine. Thymine is paired with Adenine
What is a nucleotide? A DNA subunit composed of a phosphate group, a 5 carbon sugar, and a nitrogen containing base.
How is RNA different from DNA? Where are they located in a cell? RNA is single stranded, has a ribose, and contains uracil. RNA is in the cytoplasm and the nuclues sometimes. DNA is double stranded (double helix), has a deoxyribose, and contains thymine. DNA is in the nucleus.
What is the purpose of Protein Synthesis? To make proteins out of amino acids which to all the traits in an organism
What is Transcription and WHERE does it take place? process of copying segments of DNA into RNA. in the nucleus.
What is Translation and WHERE does it take place? decoding of mRNA message into chain of amino acids (a.k.a. a protein). in the ribosomes
What is the function of the 3 different RNA molecules? mRNA ->responsible for taking copies of instructions needed to assemble amino acids into proteins. rRNA->forms ribosomes where proteins are assmebled. tRNA->transfers amino acids to ribosome to be assembled into a protein
What is the relationship between amino acids and codons? A codon codes for which amino acid to place in the protein
What is a mutation and how can it affect protein synthesis? a coding (base) in the DNA so it could make a new amino acid and therefore a protein
Define mitosis. What are the products of mitosis?
Created by: jumpthemoon
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