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PHYSICS-denh
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHAT IS THE SMALLEST PARTICLE OF SUBSTANCE? | MOLECULE WHICH IS CAPABLE OF INDEPENDENT EXISTENCE AND IS COMPOSED OF ATOMS |
| WHAT IS TE COMPOSITION OF AN ATOM? | NUCLEUS-PROTON(+), NEUTRON(0 CHARGE) & ELECTRON(-) |
| WHAT SHELL IS CLOSEST TO THE NUCLEUS? | K SHELL, HIGH ENERGY PHOTON ARE REQUIRED TO REMOVE ELECTRONS |
| WHAT IS IONIZING RADIATION? | PRODUCTION OF ION BY ADDING OR REMOVING ELECTRON TO ATOM |
| WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF IONIZING RADIATION? | PARTICULATE AND ELECTROMAGNETIC |
| WHAT IS PARTICULATE RADIATION? | DECAYING SUBSTANCES: PARTICLES THAT POSSESS MASS, TRAVEL IN STRAIGHT LINES, TRAVEL AT HIGH SPEEDS, TRANSMIT KINETIC ENERGY |
| WHAT IS ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION? | X-RAYS, GAMMA RAYS, ETC: WAVELIKE MOVEMENT, W/O MASS, POLYCHROMATIC |
| WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN X-RAYS AND GAMMA RAYS? | X-RAYS SOURCE IS ELECTRONS WITHIN X-RAY TUBE, EMITTED DURING DECELERATION OF HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS; GAMMA RAYS SOURCE IS RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, THOUGH HAS SAME WAVELENGTH AS X-RAYS |
| WHAT IS X-RADIATION? | HIGH ENERGY, IONIZING, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION: SHORT WAVELENGTH, HIGH FREQUENCY, AND HAVE PHOTON ENERGY |
| WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU DECREASE WAVELENGTH? | INCREASE FREQUENCY, INCREASE ENERGY, INCREASE PENETRATION |
| WHAT OCCURS TO HIGH ATOMIC # DURING X-RADIATION? | INCREASE THICKNESS & DENSITY = INCREASE ABSORPTION |
| WHAT ARE X-RAYS? | BUNDLES F ENERGY WITH 0 CHARGE, TRAVEL IN WAVES, HAS NO MASS, AND CAN CAUSE BIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LIVING THINGS |
| WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF X-RAY TUBES? | VACUUM TUBE, (1)HIGH VOLTAGE, (2)SOURCE OF ELECTRONS, (3)TARGET/FOCAL SPOT, FILTRATION, COLLIMATION, PRIMARY BEAM |
| WHAT IS THE IDEAL KVP? | 65-100; AFFECTS QUALITY BY CONTROLLING VOLTAGE |
| WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF ELECTRONS? | MADE OF TUNGSTEN; MA CONTROLS AMT OF CURRENT/# OF ELECTRONS |
| WHAT IS THE IDEAL MA? | 5-15 |
| WHAT IS THERMIONIC EMISSION EFFECT? | ELECTRON CLOUD; BOILING OFF OF ELECTRONS FROM THE FILAMENT |
| WHAT IS THE TARGET/FOCAL SPOT? | MADE OF TUNGSTEN, STOPS ELECTRONS |
| WHEN ELECTRONS STRIKE TARGET, ENERGY PRODUCES WHAT? | 1% X-RAYS & 99% HEAT |
| WHAT DISSAPATES HEAT GENERATED? | COPPER SLEEVE & OIL |
| WHAT DOES FILTRATION DO? | REMOVES LONG, NON-PENETRATING WAVES FROM HETEROGENEOUS X-RAY BEAM: ALUMINUM DISK 1.5-2.5 MM |
| WHAT DOES COLLIMATION DO? | LEAD DIAPHRAM WITH A HOLE, RESTRICTS SIZE AND SHAPE OF BEAM, CIRCULAR OR RECTANGULAR, FED.REGULATION - 2.75 INCH BEAM |
| WHAT IS THE USEFUL BEAM? | PRIMARY BEAM -> FILTRATION + COLLIMATION |
| WHAT ARE THE TWO ELECTRODES IN THE X-RAY TUBE? | ANODE(+) AND CATHODE(-) |
| EFFECTIVE FOCAL AREA IS SMALLER THAN ____ FOCAL AREA | ACTUAL |
| ELECTRONS VEER OFF COURSE, DUE TO A REDUCTION OF SPEED ARE REFERRED TO AS? | BREMSSTRAHLUNG |
| BLOCKING CURRENT DURING 1/2 OF A CYCLE IS CALLED? | RECTIFICATION |
| WHAT COMPONENT DIRECTS ELECTRONS TOWARD THE TARGET? | FOCUSING CUP |
| THE PID STANDS FOR | PATIENT INDICATOR DEVICE |
| THE X-RAY MACHINE OPERATES ON AN ELECTRIC CURRENT THAT HAS HOW MANY CYCLES/SEC? | 60 |
| X-RAYS LEAVE THE TUBE THROUGH WHAT? | PORTE |
| THE CENTER OF THE X-RAY BEAM IS CALLED? | CENTRAL RAY |
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