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BIOL 1110

Exam 3

QuestionAnswer
What are the functions of cell division? Reproduction, growth, development, tissue renewal
What does genome consist of? All of your DNA
What is chromatin? Fairly unorganized DNA
What are chromosomes? Tightly "coiled-coiled" DNA
What are sister chromatids? Two identical chromosomes
What is a centromere? Central binding location for sister chromatids
What is a somatic cell? Every cell EXCEPT sex cells
What type of cells are involved in mitosis? Somatic cells
What type of cells are involved in meiosis? Germ cells
What are examples of germ cells? sperm & eggs
What is another term for germ cells? Gametes
What phase is most of a cell's life spent in? Interphase
How many stages does interphase consist of? Three
What happens in the G1 stage of interphase? Typical daily life of cell
What happens in the S stage of interphase? DNA replication
What happens in the G2 stage of interphase? Replication of organelles and various cell division machinery
What is karyokinesis? Division of the nucleus
What is cytokinesis? Division of the cytoplasm
When does cytoplasmic division/cytokinesis begin in animal cells? During telophase
What does cytokinesis in animal cells involve? Formation of a contractile ring of actin and myosin molecules
What does cytokinesis in animal cells result in? Formation of cleavage furrow
When does cytokinesis begin in plant cells? During telophase
What does cytokinesis in plant cells involve? Vesicles from the Golgi apparatus (phragmoplast)
What does the merging of vesicles in cytokinesis in plant cells result in? Formation of cell plate
What happens during prophase during mitosis in plant cell? Chromatin is condensing. Nucleolus is beginning to disappear. Mitotic spindle begins to form
What happens during prometaphase during mitosis in plant cell? Discrete chromosomes visible; each consisting of two identical sister chromatids. Nuclear envelope will fragment
What happens during metaphase during mitosis in plant cell? The spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to the microtubules at their kinetochores, are all at the metaphase plate.
What happens during anaphase during mitosis in plant cell? The chromatids of each chromosome have separated, and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the ends of the cell as their kinetochore microtubles shorten
What happens during telophase during mitosis in plant cell? Daughter nuclei are forming. Meanwhile, cytokinesis has started: the cell plate which will divide the cytoplasm in two is growing toard the perimeter of the parent cell
Slide 15
Created by: kdowling
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