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N5 Biology Unit 3
Flash Cards for N5 Biology Unit 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Give a definition of Biodiversity | The range of organisms in an ecosystem |
| Give a definition of Ecosystem | All the organisms living in a habitat and the non living components with which they interact |
| Give a definition of a niche | The role an organism plays in a community |
| Give a definition of a producer | An organism that makes its own food (plants) |
| Give a definition of a consumer | An organism that eats other organisms |
| Give a definition of a herbivore | An animal that eats plants only |
| Give a definition of a carnivore | An animal that eats other animals |
| Give a definition of an omnivore | An animal that eats plants and animals |
| Whats the difference between inter and intra specific competition | Intra is between the same species and inter is between different species |
| Which type of competition is more intense and why | Intra as the organisms compete for all of the same resources |
| What is an abiotic factor | A non living factor that affects where organisms live |
| What is a biotic factor | A living factor that affects where organisms live |
| Give 3 examples of abiotic factors | Light Temperature Moisture |
| Give 3 examples of biotic factors | Competition Disease Predators |
| Give a precaution you should take when using a light meter | Dont shade the sensor/compare areas at the same time of day or weather |
| Give a precaution you should take when using a moisture meter | Wipe the stick between samples |
| What is a quadrat used to sample | Plants and slow moving animals |
| Give a possible source of error when using a quadrat | Not throwing it randomly/Not taking enough samples |
| What is a pitfall trap used to sample | Insects that live on the soil surface |
| Give a possible source of error when using a pitfall trap | Not being level with the soil/ Not being camouflaged/Not checking regularly |
| What do the arrows in a food chain show | The direction of energy floow |
| Give three ways energy can be lost from a food chain | Movement Heat and undigested waste |
| What is the energy used for that is passed on to the next level in a food chain | Growth |
| What does a pyramid of numbers show | Number of organisms at each step in a food chain |
| What does a pyramid of energy show | The energy available at each step in a food chain |
| Which type of pyramid is always a true pyramid | A pyramid of Energy |
| What do fertilizers add to the soil | Nitrates |
| What do plants use nitrates for | Amino Acids |
| How do animals obtain amino acids | By eating plants or animals |
| What happens if fertilizers leach into water | Algae increases and blocks out the light for plants at the bottom of the water. |
| What happens to the number of bacteria in water where there is algae bloom and why | They increase in number as they feed on dead plants |
| What happens the oxygen level in water where there is algae bloom and why | It decreases as bacteria use it up |
| What is an alternative to fertilizers | GM Crops |
| What is bioaccumulation | when pesticides build up in organisms |
| Which step in a food chain would have the highest level of pesticide | The last one |
| What is an alternative to pesticides | Biological control or GM crops |
| What is an indicator Species | An organism that by their presence or absence indicates levels of pollution |
| What is a mutation | A random change in genetic material |
| Give an example of a mutagenic agent | XRay/ UV Light/ Mustard Gas |
| What is natural selection | Survival of the fittest. The best adapted to the environment survive and go onto reproduce. The frequency of the favorable alleles increase |
| What two things should members of the same species be able to do | Reproduce and Produce fertile offspring |
| Name three types of isolation barrier | Geographical, Behavioral, Ecological |
| What are the steps of Speciation | Separation by a barrier Different Mutations take place in each sub population Different Selection pressures results in different mutations being selected (having an advantage). Two new species formed |
Created by:
Mrs McAleney
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