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Taks - genetics
review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The observed trait | phenotype |
| The genes that make up a trait | genotype |
| The passing on of traits from parents to offspring | heredity |
| A picture of the chromosome pairs | karyotype |
| a branch of biology that studies heredity | genetics |
| alternative forms of a gene | allele |
| two versions of an allele for a trait | heterozygous |
| two dominant or two recessive alleles for a trait | homozygous |
| allele that masks the recessive form of a trait | dominant |
| allele that masks the dominant form of a trait | recessive |
| three nitrogenous bases that code for an amino acid | codon |
| converting information in mRNA into an amino acid (final produc = protein) | translation |
| making an mRNA copy of the DNA | transcription |
| molecule which information is stored on in the nucleus | DNA |
| type of cell division that involves the division of gametes (sperm and egg) | meiosis |
| type of cell division that involves the division of somatic cell (body cells) | mitosis |
| any form of change in the DNA sequence | mutation |
| cytosine pairs with ________ in DNA | guanine |
| adenine pairs with _________ in DNA | thymine |
| adenine pairs with __________ in RNA | uracil |