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Chapter 4
Ecology 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What factors affect weather and climate? | The sun The water cycle The atmosphere The ocean |
| What are the gasses which contribute to the greenhouse effect? | carbon dioxide methane water vapor |
| What are the three climate zones? | Polar Climate Zone Temperate Climate Zone Tropical Climate Zone |
| Polar Climate Zone | 66.5° - 90° north and south latitudes cool summers, cold all year round Dry |
| Temperate Climate Zone | 23.5° - 66.5° north and south latitudes True seasons Variety of climate patterns Moderate precipitation (rain/snow) |
| Tropical Climate Zones | 23.5° south - 23.5° north Includes the equator No winter, warm all year-round High temperatures, lots of rainfall, high humidity |
| How many stages of ecological succession? | 5 |
| Stage One | Grasses and weeds begin to grow and scatter seeds Insects, worms, and birds return Last about 2 years |
| Stage Two | Dense shrubs, vines and non-woody short plants appear Rabbits, snakes, and mice move in Lasts about 5 years |
| Stage Three | Fast growing thin trunk trees take over (birch and popple) -Habitat for squirrels Larger animals return Lasts about 15 years |
| Stage Four | Diverse species of diverse ages - From ground cover and undergrowth plants to tall trees Lasts about 40 years |
| Stage Five | Climax Community- populations of plants and animals remain stable and exist in balance with each other and with the environment Most diverse forest ecosystem |
| How many symbiotic relationships are there? | 3 |
| Mutualism | Both species benefit from the relationship Ex) crocodile + Plower |
| Commensalism | One organism is benefited and the other organism is neither harmed or benefited Ex) Whale + Barnacle |
| Parasitism | One species is benefited and the other is harmed Ex) Leech + Human Parasite does not want to kill host because then they have to find a new host |
| Ecological succession can result from what types of natural disturbances? | Fire Hurricane Logging Farming Volcanic Eruptions |
| Why are some photic zones so much deeper than other photic zones? | High evolution, not all flat along ocean floor. |
| Does competition help determine the number and kinds of species in a community? | Yes |
| What happens to solar energy when it hits the Earth? | Some energy is reflected back into space Some is absorbed Some is trapped in the Biosphere |
| What happens to the number of species when ecological succession takes place? | The number of species increases. |
| When the greenhouse concentration rises, what happens to the temperature of the Earth? | The Earth warms |
| What does the competitive exclusion principle state? |
Created by:
spippin07
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