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3.1 & 3.2

TermDefinition
Crust The thin and solid outermost layer of Earth above the mantle.
Mantle The layer of rock between the Earth's crust and core.
Core The central part of Earth below the mantle.
Lithosphere The solid, outer layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle.
Asthenosphere The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move.
Mesosphere The strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthensphere and the outer core.
Seismic wave A wave of energy that travels through Earth and away from an earthquake in all directions.
Continental drift The hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents, which then drifted to their present locations; the movement of continents.
Plate tectonics The theory that Earth's outer layer is made up of large, moving pieces called tectonic plates; the theory explains how plates interact and how those interactions relate to processes such as earthquakes and mountain building.
Theory A system of ideas that explain many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation.
Sea-floor spreading Subduction The process by which new oceanic lithosphere (sea floor) forms when magma rises to Earth's surface at mid-ocean ridges and solidifies, as older, existing sea floor moves away from the ridge.
Magnetic reversal The process by which Earth's magnetic north pole and magnetic south pole switch positions periodically; a change in the direction in which Earth's magnetic field points.
Convenction current Any movement of matter that results from differences in density; may be vertical, circular, or cyclical.
P waves-pg 173 P waves travel through solids, liquids, and gasses.
S waves-pg 173 S waves travel only through solids.
Created by: kt.18217
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