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BIO 120 Exam 1- Cell

Cell Parts

TermDefinition
Prokaryotic Cells smaller, single-celled, no membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic Cells larger, unicellular or multicellular, have membrane-bound organelles
Plasma Membrane allows things to enter/exit the cell selectively
Cytoskeleton supports cell shape, allows things to move, and regulation
Rough ER surface is studded with ribosomes, site of protein synthesis
Smooth ER lack ribosomes, help to make lipids and detox cells
Ribosomes protein factories; express nucleic acids into proteins
Central Dogma DNA to RNA to Proteins to Traits
Nucleus membrane-bound, contains DNA, information center
Golgi Apparatus membrane-bound, shipping and receiving center, helps polypeptides finish off different levels of folding
Lysosomes break things apart, waste disposal system
Autophagy the degradation of a cell's own components through the lysosomal machinery
Main organelles of eukaryotic cells nuclear envelope, ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, plasma membrane
Vesicles store or transport things in the cell
Mitochondria change energy from one form to another
Endosymbiosis Theory a eukaryotic cell engulfed the mitochondria and the cell kept it because of the energy mitochondria makes, later some also engulfed chloroplasts
Cell Wall provides structure, has cellulose that provides rigidness of plants
Vacuoles maintenance compartments, primarily stores water
Chloroplasts change energy from one form to another in plant eukaryotic cells
Created by: kkade
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