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7th Grade Chapter 15

Food and Digestion

QuestionAnswer
calorie a unit used to measure energy
mucus a substance that coats and protects the inside of the stomach
pancreas the digestive organ that releases enzymes that help break down starches, proteins, and fats in the small intestine
water the nutrient that is needed in order for all body processes to take place
digestion the process in which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules
peristalsis the process that involves muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
food the energy your body needs comes from
saliva the substance in the mouth that contains an enzyme that begins chemical digestion
calorie the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one Celsius degree
villi the structures that enable the small intestine to absorb large amounts of nutrients
proteins the nutrients made up of amino acids
liver the organ that produces bile
small intestine the part of the body where most chemical digestion takes place
large intestine where water is absorbed from undigested food
human's body weight made up of 65% water
the human body normally needs in a day 2 liters of water
gall bladder stores the bile produced by the liver
esophagus carries food to the stomach
according to the Food Guide Pyramid, which group should make up the largest part of a person's diet bread, cereal, rice, and pasta
the six nutrients needed by the body are carbohydrates, fats, proeings, vitamins, minerals, and water
the functions of the digestive system are break down food into molecules the body can use; absorb food molecules into the blood; eliminate undigested wastes from the body
according to the Food Guide Pyramid, which group should be eaten in very limited amounts fats, oils, and sweets
Created by: Mrs. Gordon
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