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Anatomy-muscles
Muscles origin insertion action
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| orbicularis oris | Closes Lips |
| Orbicularis Oculi | Closes Eyes |
| Buccinator | Compresses Cheek |
| Platysma | Tenses Skin of Neck |
| Sternocleidomastoid - OIA | O-manubrium of sternum & medical portion of clavicle. I: mastoid process of temporal bone. A: together flex head, individual rotate to opp side. |
| Splenius Capitis | Extend or Hyperextend Head. One side= lateral bend and rotate |
| Semispinalis Capitis | Extends vertebral column and head and rotates them to opp side |
| Temporalis | Closes jaw, elevates and retracts mandible |
| Masseter | Prime mover of jaw closure, elevates mandible |
| Rectus Abdominis - OIA | O - pubic crest and symphysis. I: xiphoid process. A: flex vertebral column. |
| External Oblique | Together: flex vertebral column & compress abdominal wall |
| Internal Oblique | same as external oblique |
| Transverse Abdominis | Compresses abdominal contents |
| Spinalis Group | extends vertebral column |
| Longissimus group | extend or laterally flex vertebral column. also extends head and turns face toward same side |
| Iliocostalis group | extends and laterally flex vertebral column. maintain posture. |
| Diaphragm | prime mover of inspiration, flattens on contraction |
| external intercostal | pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage (inspiration) |
| internal intercostal | draws ribs together to depress rib cage (expiration) |
| levator scapula | elevates scapula |
| rhomboid major and minor | stabilize scapula |
| serratus anterior | rotates scapula so taht inferior angle moves lateral and upward |
| trapezius - OIA | O: occipital bone, C7-T. I: acromion, spine of scapula. clavicle. A: stabilizes, raises, retracts, rotates scapula. |
| pectoralis minor - IA | I: coracoid process of scapula. A: draws scapula forward and down. also raises rib cage. |
| deltoid - OIA | O: clavicle, acromion, scapula. I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus. A: prime mover of abduction. |
| coracobrachialis - OA | O: coracoid process of scapula. A: flexes and adducts humerus. |
| pectoralis major | prime mover of arm flexion, adducts arm, medial rotation |
| latissimus dorsi | prime mover of arm extension, adduction and medial rotation at shoulder |
| teres major | extends, medially rotats, and adducts humerus |
| supraspinatus - OIA | O: supraspinous fossa of scapula. I: greater tubercle of humerus. A: initiates abduction |
| infraspinatus - OIA | O: infraspinous fossa of scapula. I:greater tubercle, posterior to supra. A: rotates humerus laterally. |
| teres minor - OIA | O: lateral border of dorsal scapular surface. I: greater tubercle, inferior to infra. A: rotates humerus laterally |
| subscapularis - OIA | O: subscapular fossa of scapula. I: lesser tubercle of humerus. A: chief medial rotator of humerus. |
| biceps brachii - OIA | O: short - coracoid process, long - supraglenoid tubercle of cavity. I: radial tuberosity. A: flexes elbow and supinates forearm. |
| Brachialis | major forearm flexor |
| brachioradialis | synergist in forearm flexion |
| triceps brachii - OIA | O: long - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, lateral - shaft of humerus, medial - shaft of humerus. I: olecranon process of ulna. A: forearm extension. |
| flexor carpi ulnaris - OA | O:medial epicondyle of humerus. A: flex wrist, adducts hand. |
| palmaris longus - OA | O: medial epicondyle of humerus. A: tenses skin of palm during movement. |
| flexor carpi radialis - OA | O: medial epicondyle. A: flex wrist, abduct hand. |
| pronator teres - OIA | O: medial epicondyle. I: lateral radius, midshaft. A: pronates forearm |
| flexor digitorum superficialis - OIA | O: medial epicondyle. I: middle phalanges 2-5. A: flexes wrist and middle phalanges 2-5 |
| flexor digitorum profundus - OIA | O: surface of ulna & interosseus membrane. I: distal phalanges 2-5. A: flexes DIP joints. |
| pronator quadratus | forearm pronation |
| extensor carpi radialis longus - OA | O: lateral supracondyle ridge of humerus. A: extends and abducts wrist |
| extensor carpi radialis brevis - OA | O: lateral epicondyle of humerus. A: extends and abducts wrist. |
| extensor digitorum - OA | O: lateral epicondyle of humeus. A: finger extension |
| extensor carpi ulnaris - OA | O: lateral epicondyle of humerus. A: extends wrist and adducts. |
| sartorius - OIA | O: anterior superior iliac spine. I: medial aspect of proximal tibia. A: flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee. |
| iliopsoas | thigh flexion and trunk flexion |
| pectineus | adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh |
| adductor brevis | adducts and medially rotates thigh |
| adductor longus | adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh |
| adductor magnus | adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh. also thigh extension |
| gracilis | adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg |
| gluteus maximus | major extensor of thigh |
| gluteus medius | abducts and medially rotates thigh |
| gluteus minimus | abducts and medially rotates thigh |
| piriformis | rotates extended thigh laterally |
| tensor fascia latae | steadies truck on thigh by making iliotibial tract (IT band) taut |
| rectus femoris - OIA | O: anterior inferior iliac spine. I: tibial tuberosity. A: extends knee and flexes thigh |
| vastus lateralis - IA | I: tibial tuberosity. I: tibial tuberosity. A: extends knee and stabilizes knee |
| vastus medialis - IA | i: tibial tuberosity. I: tibial tuberosity. A: extends knee |
| vastus intermedius - IA | I: tibial tuberosity. I: tibial tuberosity. A: extends knee |
| biceps femoris - OA | O: long - ischial tuberosity, short - linea aspera of femur. A: extends thigh and flexes knee |
| semitendinosus - OA | O: ischial tuberosity. A: extends thigh and flexes knee |
| semimembranosis - OA | O: ischial tuberosity. A: extends thigh and flexes knee |
| tibialis anterior | prime mover of dorsiflexion |
| extensor hallucis longus | extends great toe, dorsiflexes |
| extensor digitorum longus | toe extension, dorsiflexes |
| fibularis longus | plantar flexes and everts foot |
| fibularis brevis | plantar flexes and everts foot |
| gastrocnemius - OIA | O: medial and lateral condyles of femur. I: calcaneal tendon. A: plantar flexes foot |
| soleus - OIA | O: superior tibia, fibula, and interosseus membrane. A: plantar flexes foot |
| plantaris | assists in knee flexion and plantar flexes foot |
| tibialis posterior | prime mover of foot inter, plantar flexes foot |
| flexor digitorum longus | plantar flexes and inverts foot. flexes toes |
| flexor hallucis longus | plantar flexes and inverts foot. flexes great toe |
| popliteus | unlocks knee when flexion begins |
Created by:
kbouw008
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