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Science Unit Test
For my Unit 4 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DNA travels outside the nucleus. True or False? | False |
| The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called what? | Translation |
| Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter? | Yes |
| What best describes translation? | It converts mRNA into a polypeptide. |
| What would happen if we did not have start codons? | Protein synthesis wouldn´t occur. |
| The mRNA leaves the ______ to find the ribosome to make proteins. (Nucleus, Cell or Nucleotide) | Nucleus |
| Which of the following is created in the nucleus and carries the genetic code to the cytoplasm? (mRNA, DNA, tRNA, or rRNA?) | mRNA |
| During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein. (mRNA, tRNA, DNA, or rRNA?) | tRNA |
| Given the following strand of DNA, find the complementary mRNA strand. DNA GCA TGC AAT CGA. (Is it AAU GGC TAT UGC, CGT ACG TTA GCT, or CGU ACG UUA GCU.) | CGU ACG UUA GCU |
| Messenger RNA carries a copy of the DNA code. True or False? | True |
| The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called what? | Translation |
| The main function of tRNA is to | bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes |
| In RNA, Uracil pairs with what? (adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine?) | Adenine |
| What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid? (Anticodon, Codon or Protein?) | Codon |
| The process to go from DNA to mRNA is (transcription, replication, or translation.) | Transcription |
| What is difference in the structure between RNA and DNA? | DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil. |
| During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying DNA and bringing it out of the nucleus. (rRNA, dRNA, mRNA, or tRNA.) | mRNA |
| Insertion, deletion and substitution are all examples of a change in a genetic sequence which is also referred to as? | Mutation |
| Which of the following is the site of translation? (Vacuole, Nucleus, lysosome, or ribosome.) | Ribosome |
| What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid? (serine, codon, amine, or base.) | Codon |
| Which of the following the the site of transcription? (ribosome, nucleus, vacuole, or lysosome.) | Nucleus |
| Which is the mRNA molecule that would be created from this DNA template: TGGCAAGTACGT (UCCGUUCUUGCU, ACCGUUCAUGCA, UGGCAAGUACGU, or ACCGTTCATGCA.) | ACCGUUCAUGCA |
| DNA holds the code for making (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, or sugars.) | Proteins |
| What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal (AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG) Mutant (AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G) | insertion frameshift |
| Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful? | They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence. |
| Original: ATC CAT Mutation: ATC GCAT What mutation occured? | Insertion |
| Any change in the sequence of DNA is? | Mutation |
| What do gene mutations change? | DNA |
| DNA molecule segment is: TTA-CGC-AAG The mutated DNA segment is TTA-CGC-AAC This is an example of what mutation? | Substitution |
| Which of the following would result in a frameshit mutation? (Insertions/Deletions, Substitution only, Insertions only, or Deletion only.) | Insertions and Deletions |
| What are the building blocks of proteins called? | Amino Acids |
| What mutation has occurred here? T-G-A-C-C-A and T-G-A-G-C-A | Substitution |
| DNA molecule segment is: TTA-CGC-AAG The mutated DNA segment is: TTC-GCA-AG This is an example of what mutation? | Deletion |
| Which organelle is DNA usually found in? | Nucleus |
| What is the building block of DNA? | Nucleotides |
| Are all mutations bad? | No |
| Original: ATT-TGA-GCC Mutated: ATT-GAG-CC The example above is an example of what? | Deletion- Frameshift |
| Mutated DNA sequences that can be passed from parent to offspring occur in what cells? | They occur in gametic cells (sex cells) |
| Original DNA: CAT-GAT-CCA New DNA: CAT-TGA-TCC-A What mutation occured? | insertion |
| What is the end result of mitosis/cytokinesis? | Two identical cells. |
| For most cells, if you examine them under a microscope, you are most likely to see a cell in which phase of the cell cycle? | Interphase |
| A key process that occurs during Gap 1 is | The cell grows |
| A key process that occurs during synthesis is | The DNA is replicated so there are 2 copies in the cell. |
| A key process that occurs during Gap 2 is | The cell constructs additional organelles and prepares for cell division. |
| A key process that occurs during Mitosis is | The chromosomes are divided so each new cell will have a complete copy. |
| During metaphase what happens? (A stage of mitosis.) | The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. |
| During prophase what happens? (A stage of mitosis.) | The DNA condenses into chromosomes and the nucleus breaks down. |
| During anaphase what happens? (A stage of mitosis.) | The chromosomes are pulled apart towards each side of the cell. |
| During telophase what happens? (A stage of mitosis.) | The nucleus begins to reform and the chromosomes break down into chromatin. |
| DNA has sections of it called a what? | Gene |
| Transcription takes place where? | In the Nucleus |
| Proteins and eukaryotic cells take place in where? | Cytoplasm |
| DNA to RNA Adenine pairs with what? | Uracil |
| DNA to RNA Thymine pairs with what? | Adenine |
| DNA to RNA Cytosine pairs with what? | Guanine |
| DNA to RNA Guanine pairs with what? | Cytosine |
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NataliasAcademics
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