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Plant&Soil Ch6 Main
Plant&Soil Buss Chap 6 complete list
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Gymnosperm | a plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit. |
| Angiosperm | a plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel. |
| Monocot | a flowering plant with an embryo that bears a single cotyledon (seed leaf). |
| Dicot | a flowering plant with an embryo that bears two cotyledons (seed leaves) |
| Cotyledon | an embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants, one or more of which are the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed. |
| Apical Meristem | region of cells capable of division and growth in the root and shoot tips in plants. |
| Tap Root | a large, central, and dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally. Typically it is straight and very thick, is tapering in shape, and grows directly downward. |
| Fibrous Root | the opposite of a taproot system. It is usually formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem. |
| Prokaryote | a microscopic single-celled organism without a nucleus or specialized organelles. Example: bacteria. |
| Eukaryote | cells in which the DNA in the form of chromosomes is located within a nucleus. Example: plant and animal cells. |
| Nucleus | an organelle found in eukaryotes that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA). |
| Mitochondria | an organelle found in large numbers in most cells where respiration and energy production occur. |
| Vacuole | a space in the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | tube-like organelle found in animal cells and plant cells used for transport |
| Chlorophyll | found in green plants; gives them their green color. Allows plants to absorb energy from the sun during photosynthesis. |
| Cell Wall | thick layer around plant cells outside the cell membrane. It provides the cell with structural support and protection. |
| Vascular Cambium | the main growth tissue in the stems and roots of many plants |
| Epidermis | a single layer of cells that covers the outside of the leaves, flowers, roots and stems of plants. It forms a boundary between the plant and the external environment (like skin). |
| Pistil | The female reproductive part of a flower. Each consists of an ovule-containing ovary, a stalk-like style, and a receptive stigma. |
| Ovary | a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower. It is the part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below the base of the petals and sepals. |
| Stigma | a specially adapted portion of the pistil modified for the reception of pollen. |
| Style | A long, slender stalk found within the flower that connects the stigma and the ovary. |
| Sepal | a part of the flower of angiosperms. Usually green, they are protection for the flower in bud, and often support the petals |
| Simple Fruit | develop from a single carpel or from a compound ovary. |
| Phloem | the vascular tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products DOWNWARDS from the leaves. |
| Simple leaf | a single leaf that is never divided into smaller leaflet units. |
| Compound Leaf | a leaf in which the blade is divided to the midrib, forming two or more distinct blades or leaflets on a common axis. |
| Guard Cell | specialized plant cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gas exchange by closing the stomata. |
| Fruit | the fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a flowering plant, enclosing the seed or seeds. |
| Palisade Cell | usually on the upper side of the leaf, they contain the most chloroplasts per cell. This makes them the main site of photosynthesis. |
| Xylem | the tissue of vascular plants that transports water and nutrients UPWARDS from the soil to the stems and leaves. |
| Stomata | small openings found in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other plant organs that allow gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor and oxygen to move into and out of the internal tissues of the plant. |
| Aggregate Fruits | Aggregate fruits consist of several separate carpels of one apocarpous gynoecium (e.g., raspberries where each unit is a single carpel). |
| Flower | sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants |
| Stamen | the male fertilizing organ of a flower, typically consisting of a pollen-containing anther and a filament. |
| Anther | the male pollen-containing fertilizing organ of a flower, typically found on a filament. |
| Filament | the thread-like stalk that supports an anther of the plant. |
| Petal | modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. |
| Incomplete Flower | flowers that lack either stamens or pistils and cannot do sexual reproduction alone |
| Aggregate Fruits | a fruit formed from several carpels derived from the same flower. An example is a raspberry. |
| Radicle | the part of a plant embryo that develops into the primary root. |
| Plumule | the shoot or stem of an embryo plant. |
| Blade | The expanded part of a leaf or petal. Especially a leaf of grass or the broad portion of a leaf separate from the petiole. |
| Petiole | the stalk that joins a leaf to a stem; leafstalk. |
Created by:
BenO'Dell
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