click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Modern Genetics
Chapter 4 Vocabulary Terms
Terms | Definitions |
---|---|
multiple alleles | Three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait. |
sex-linked gene | a gene that is carried on the X or Y chromosome. |
carrier | a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele, but does not have the trait. |
pedigree | a chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait. |
genetic disorder | an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes. |
amniocentesis | a technique by which a small amount of the fluid that surrounds a developing baby is removed; the fluid is analyzed to determine whether the baby will have a genetic disorder. |
karyotype | a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs. |
selective breeding | the process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation. |
inbreeding | a selective breeding method in which two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed. |
hybridization | a selective breeding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed. |
clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced. |
genetic engineering | the transfer of a gene fro the DNA of one organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits. |
gene therapy | the insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder. |
genome | All of the DNA in one cell of an organism. |