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H Bio 6.1-6.2 Vocab

From the book "Biology" by Stephen Nowicki

TermDefinition
somatic cell body cells, make up most of your body tissues and organs
gamete sex cells; eggs in the female and sperm in the male
homologous chromosome two chromosomes, one from the mother and one from the father, that have the same length and general appearance
autosome chromosome pairs 1-22, contain genes not related to the sex of an organism
sex chromosome 23rd chromosome pair, determines the sex of the organism
sexual reproduction reproduction that involves the fusion of two gametes, resulting in offspring that is genetically unique
fertilization the fusion of the egg and sperm cells
diploid means the cell has two copies of each chromosome: one from the mother and one from the father
haploid means a cell only has one copy of each chromosome
meiosis the form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells
gametogenesis the production of gametes
sperm male gamete
egg female gamete
polar body produced by meiosis; cells with little more than DNA that eventually break down
Created by: MLLacey
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