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9th Biology

9th grade Genetics: Monohybrid, Dihybrid, & Non-Mendelian

TermDefinition
Alleles One member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome.
Heredity The genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring.
Homozygous Having the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes; alleles in a pair are the same
Heterozygous Having two different alleles at corresponding positions on homologous chromosomes.
Recessive An allele that does not produce a trait if it is masked by a dominant allele.
Dominant An allele that produces a trait when present; can mask a recessive allele.
Haploid Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
Genotype The genetic makeup, as distinguished from the physical appearance, of an organism or a group of organisms.
Phenotype The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.
Law of Independent Assortment Each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random.
Gamete Sex cell, ovum (egg) and sperm
Law of Segregation Members of a pair of homologous chromosomes separate during the formation of gametes and distributed so that every gamete receives only one member of the pair.
Monohybrid Cross between two individuals with different alleles at one genetic locus of interest.
Dihybrid Cross between two different lines (varieties, strains) that differ in two observed traits.
Loci The position of a gene on a chromosome.
Codominance Neither allele is dominant or recessive and both get expressed
Sex linked Trait carried on the sex chromosome (X or Y))
Incomplete dominance Form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele.
Created by: kimbetcher
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