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9th Biology

9th grade DNA/Protein Synthesis

TermDefinition
Nucleotide basic unit or building block of DNA & RNA; composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nucleic acid
Adenine nucleic acid found in both DNA & RNA; pairs with Thymine in DNA; pairs with Uracil in RNA
Guanine nucleic acid found in both DNA & RNA; pairs with Cytosine
Cytosine nucleic acid found in both DNA & RNA; pairs with Guanine
Thymine nucleic acid only found in DNA; pairs with Adenine
Uracil nucleic acid only found in RNA; pairs with Adenine
DNA Backbone form the sides of the DNA/RNA molecule; made of sugar and phosphate
Ribosome found in the cytoplasm of living cells and serves as the site of protein synthesis
Codon three consecutive nucleotides that specify a single amino acid
Translation process that decodes mRNA to make proteins
Amino Acid join together to make proteins
Anticodon three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.
Transcription process by which messenger RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
Gene part of DNA sequence that codes for a specific trait
tRNA type of nucleic acid that transports a specific amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis
Chromosome single molecule of DNA bonded to various proteins and that carries the genes determining heredity
mRNA type of nucleic acid that carries genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm; serves as a template for protein synthesis; synthesized from a DNA template during the process of transcription
rRNA type of nucleic acid that is the permanent structure of a ribosome
Trait characteristic defined by the expression of a protein
Created by: kimbetcher
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