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Biology FINAL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Concerning the hierarchy of life what level includes all living organisms and non-living matter in a specific area? | Ecosystem |
| Arrange these types of chemical bonding in order from least to greater in terms of bond strength. (Ionic, Hydrogen, Non-polar Covalent, Polar Covalent) | Hydrogen, Ionic, Polar Covalent, Non-Polar Covalent |
| Which type of chemical bond results from the equal sharing of electrons? | Covalent Bonds |
| What is true of a solution with a pH of 2.4? | It is acidic, and it has a higher concentration of H+ |
| List the 4 Biological Macromolecules discussed in class | Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins |
| The secondary structure of a protein results from; | Hydrogen bonds forming between Adjacent Amino Acids |
| Which of the following is NOT a lipid? | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| A Prokaryotic cell contains | Nucleoid |
| Once an enzyme influences a reaction it cannot be used again | False |
| The function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is to | Synthesize Proteins |
| Diffusion is movement of solutes from | An area of HIGHER concentration to an area of LOWER concentration |
| Diffusion of water is called | Osmosis |
| Which organelle is responsible for packing and modifying proteins and lipids? | Golgi Apparatus |
| This organelle is responsible for the production of energy in the form of ATP | Mitochondria |
| The organelle that is responsible for storing large quantities of water and is only found in plant cells is called | Central Vacuole |
| Which of the following is a function that both proteins and carbohydrates share in the plasma membrane? | Cellular Recognition |
| Aquaporins are specific integral proteins that are suited to carry what molecules across the plasma membrane? | H2O- Water |
| "Cell eating" is known as | Phagocytosis |
| Diffusion rate is determined by; 1 Molecule size; 2 Temperature; 3. The difference in the concentration gradient | True |
| Removal of waste products from a cell occurs by | Exocytosis |
| The first law of thermodynamics tells us that energy is neither created nor destroyed | True |
| Occurs when a molecule binds to a site on an enzyme other than the active site. This binding causes the enzymes shape to change, not allowing the substrate to fit | Noncompetitive Inhibition |
| Once an enzyme is utilized for a reaction it denatures and is no longer usable | False |
| An is a protein catalyst | Enzyme |
| A byproduct of photosynthesis is ______________, whereas a byproduct of cellular respiration is ______________ | O2; CO2 |
| Fermentation is one of the processes involved in breaking down glucose molecules for energy. What are the other two steps? | Cellular Respiration, glycolysis |
| What is the net yield of ATP for glycolysis+cellular respiration? | 30-32 ATP |
| Animals store glucose as | Glycogen |
| Plants store glucose as | Starch |
| The structure of the DNA is described as a | double helix |
| Uracil is found only in DNA (TRUE OR FALSE) | False |
| a strand of DNA is coded AGTCAG. The corresponding RNA strand would be | UCAGUC |
| What are two mechanisms that occur during Mitosis to ensure genetic diversity | Recombination/ Crossing Over Independent Assortment |
| What are the 3 types of RNA | mRNA (messenger), tRNA (transfer), rRNA (ribosomal) |
| A 59 year old woman is found to have tumors in her breasts as well as her cervical spine. The spreading of cancer to different parts of the body is called | metastasis |
| Somatic cells reproduce through the process know as | Mitosis |
| List the 3 differences in DNA and RNA | DNA 2 strand, RNA 1 strand;DNA Deoxyribose, RNA Ribose;DNA Thymine, RNA Uracil |
| DNA transcription is the process by which a sequence of nitrogenous bases are converted into an amino acid sequence (True or False) | False |
| _____________________ is known as the father of genetics | Gregor Mendel |
| List the steps of mitosis in proper order | Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase Cytokinesis |
| Purines contain a double ring structure (True of False) | True |
| DNA transcription occurs in the | Nucleus |
| In what stage or phase of Interphase does DNA replicate | S Phase |
| AUG is a codon that codes for (choose the correct terms: Methionine, Stop, Start, Leucine) | Methionine and Start |
| Purines are nitrogenous bases and include Adenine and Guanine (True of False) | True |
| The process called translation occurs in the | Cytoplasm |
| Sister Chromatids are attached by the | Centromere |
| Germ Cells reproduce through a process called | Meiosis |
| The structure of protein is due to the pattern of amino acids in the polypeptide chain | Primary Structure |
| Flowering plants all belong to which group | Angiosperms |
| Which of the following is NOT included in Domain Eukarya | protista, plantae, ARCHAEA, Animalia, fungi |
| Sex cells are called __________ and ________________ | sperm and eggs |
| In class we discussed 4 major groups of plants. Which of the following does NOT belong | gymnosperms, nonvascular, seedless vascular, angiosperm, ALL OF THE ABOVE |
| samaras are dispersed via | wind-dispersal |
| ______ is known as the father of modern classification | CAROLUS LINNAEUA |
| a nucleotide is a monomer of Nucleic Acids. Which of the following is NOT a component of nucleotide | nitrogenous base, phosphate group, NITRATE GROUP |
| A waxy covering on the outside of plant cells is known as the | cuticle |
| All flowers emit a pleasant sweet smell (True of False) | False |
| _______________ are extensions of the cells cytoplasm and are utilized by amoebas for morility | pseudopods |
| What type of chemical bond holds together complimentary base pairs | hydrogen |
| the movement of water to the tops of trees is called | transpiration |
| Of the following, which is NOT an example of a Fungi lifestyle | saprobes, SOCIALIST, mutualisms, parasitic, all of the above |
| The study of naming and classifying organisms is called | taxonomy |
| the type of plant has exposed seeds and includes Pine trees | gymnosperms |
| theis type of organism creates its own energy | autotroph |
| fungi are considered prokaryotes or eukaryotes | eukaryotes |
| most plants, including corn, grass and fruit trees are | angiosperms |
| This part of a plant gives it rigidity and turgor | central vacuole |
| the number of viable offspring that an individual produces is know as | fitness |
| which of the following plants lack vascular systems and rely solely on diffusion for absorption of nutrients and water | moss |
| Members of kingdom Plantae have cell walls which are made of | cellulose |
| an example of an animal that exhibits bilateral symmetry would be a | starfish, sponge, DRAGONFLY, none of the above |
| tripoblasts contain how many layers of embryonic tissue | 3 |
| the insect exoskeleton is made of | chitin |
| Blood enters the heart from the vena cava into the | right atrium |
| this phylum makes up around 85% of know animal species in the world | Arthropoda |
| Jellyfish are part of the Phylum Porifera (True or False) | False |
| Class Bivalvia of the Phylum Mollusca include all the following EXCEPT | clams, mussels, oysters, STARFISH |
| Which of the following animals belong to the class Agnatha, which have no jaws and no scales | Lamprey |
| Sharks belong to the class | Chondrichthyes |
| What is the largest threat to biodiversity | humans |
| Which organ system is responsible for the exchange of gases | respiratory |
| a goiter is the enlargement of the | adrenal gland, pituitary gland, hypothalamus, THYROID GLAND |
| this type of receptor is responsible for detecting changes in temperature | thermoreceptor |
| we commonly refer to Endotherms as | warmblooded |
| the four primary types of animal tissue include all the following EXCEPT | epithelial, muscle, EMBRYONIC, connective, nervous |
| too little growth hormone as a child leads to | pituitary dwarfism |
| which of the following separate Subphylum vertebrates from others in Phylum Chordata | SPINE or cranium |
| Which organ system is responsible for the exchange of gases | respiratory system |
| Which class of vertebrates has the simplest heart | fish |
| which of the following is not a part of the brain | cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, SPINAL CORD, cerebellum, |
| which class have hollow bones | aves |
| which portion of the neuron receives messages from other neurons | dendrites |
| blood is this type of tissue | connective |
| When it is time to FIGHT this portion of the autonomic nervous system is activated | sympathetic nervous system |
| bone cells live in an area of the extracellular matrix called the | lacunae |
| List the 5 senses of taste | sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami |
| nerve cells are called | chondro, cytesosteocytes, NEURONS, eukocytes |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the five special senses? | smell, TOUCH, taste, hearing |
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carlyhayes1
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