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Ch 8 - Cell Reprod

TermDefinition
chromosome structure in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell that are made up of DAN and protein
chromatid one of the two strands of a chromosome
chromatin less tightly coiled DNA
autosome any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
karyotype a micrograph array of chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs
haploid having only one set of unpaired chromosomes
diploid contains two haploid sets of chromosomes
sister chromatids the identical copy formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome
daughter chromosomes results from the separation of sister chromatids during cell division
homologous chromosomes having the same structure and pair during meiosis
centromere region that holds the two sister chromatids together
mitosis type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells
somatic cell any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells
interphase time period where the cell grows
prophase first stage of cell division; chromosomes becomes visible as paired chromatids
metaphase second stage of cell division; chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers
anaphase third stage of cell division; chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles.
telophase final stage of cell division; nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
cytokinesis division of the cytoplasm; divides into two daughter cells
spindle fibers protein structures that pull apart the sister chromatids during cell division
meiosis cell division that results in the production of sex cells (gametes)
spermatogenesis the process by which male gametes form; spermatozoa (sperm)
oogenesis the process by which female gametes form; ovum (eggs)
polar body small cells which bud off from an oocyte and do not develop into ova
gamete a mature haploid male or female germ cell; sex cell
crossing over the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes
independent assortment random genetic inheritance from both parents
histone protein in a eukaryotic cells that DNA wraps tightly around
cell cycle a series of events that take place in a cell as it grows and divides
centrosome organelle from which the spindle fibers develop from in cell division
Created by: droesener
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