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Unit 6 & 7
Volcanoes Notes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| volcano | any place where gas, ash, or melted rock come out of the ground. |
| Magma | melted rock. |
| Lava | magma that has reached the Earth’s surface. |
| vent | the opening of a volcano. |
| Viscosity | the resistance of a liquid material to flow. |
| Pyroclastic materials | hot ash and bits of rock. |
| fissure | a giant crack in the Earth’s surface. |
| Fissure eruptions | happen when lava flows from fissures. |
| lava plateau | a thick, mostly flattened layer of cooled lava on the surface of the Earth. |
| volcanic crater | an opening or depression at the top of a volcano caused by eruptions. |
| magma chamber | an expanded area of magma inside of a volcano. |
| caldera | a large basin-shaped depression left after an empty magma chamber collapses. |
| Tectonic plates | are giant sections of lithosphere on earth’s surface. |
| hot spot | a location where a mantle plume rises through the asthenosphere. |
| mantle plume | a column of extremely hot mantle rock. |
| Ring of Fire | a name used to describe the numerous explosive volcanoes that form on convergent plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean. |
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