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Biology Vocab Ch 2

Biology Ch 2.3 - 2.5

TermDefinition
monomer molecular subunit of a polymer
polymer large, carbon based molecule formed by monomers
carbohydrate molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; includes sugars and starches
lipid nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes fats and oils
fatty acid hydrocarbon chain often bonded to glycerol in a lipid
protein polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; folds into a particular structure depending on bonds between amino acids
amino acid molecule that makes up proteins; composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
nucleic acid polymer of nucleotides; the genetic material of organisms
chemical reaction process by which substances change into different substances through through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds
reactant substance that is changed by a chemical reaction
product substance formed by a chemical reaction
bond energy amount of energy needed to break a bond between two particular atoms; or the amount of energy released when a bond forms between two particular atoms
equilibrium condition in which reactants and products of a chemical reaction are formed at the same rate
activation energy energy input necessary to initiate a chemical reaction
exothermic chemical reaction that yields a net release energy in the form of heat
endothermic chemical reaction that requires a net input of energy
catalyst substance that decreases activation energy and increases reaction in a chemical reaction
enzyme protein that catalyzes chemical reaction for organisms
substrate reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts
Created by: Purple 9548
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