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Unit 5

AP Biology Unit 5 Vocabulary-Sedano

TermDefinition
Chromosomes A large strain of DNA that carries genetic information in the form of genes
Daughter Cell Product of meiosis or mitosis
Diploid (2n) A cell that has two complete sets of chromosomes one from each parent
Gamete A sex cell that is used for reproduction and has only one complete chromosome set
Haploid (1n) A cell with one complete chromosomes set, gametes
Meiosis Process in which gamete cells and made
Chromatid One half of a duplicated chromosome
Crossing Over When non sister chromatids exchange genetic information
Fertilization The combination of a male gamete cell and a female gamete cell, making a zygote
Homologous Chromosomes Chromosomes of the same length, size, color, and allele location
Sexual Reproduction Makes new organisms by fusion of a male sex cell with a female sex cell resulting in a zygote diploid
Allele two or more forms of a gene on a chromosome
Conserved A gene that stayed unchanged
Genotype Genetic makeup of a cell, ex: BBxbb
Law of Independent Assortment Different genes assort independently of each other, they can be packaged in every possible way
Law of Segregation Two of the same alleles coding for the same information separate during meiosis
Phenotype The physical characteristics of a genotype, ex: hair color and height
Trait Determined by genes and other factors, ex: BB and bb determine hair color
Zygote A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of a male gamete and a female gamete
Genetic Linkage DNA sequences close together will be inherited with each other
Sex-Linked Trait Genes that are passed on or inherited via the sex chromosomes, X and Y
Nondisjunction Failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis I or meiosis II
Created by: Hector23
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