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Unit 3
AP Biology Unit 3 Vocabulary-Sedano
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemical Reaction | Process where the rearrangement of molecules happens |
| Enzyme | A organic or non organic catalyst for a chemical reaction |
| Enzyme-mediated | Enzyme binds to substrate, making enzyme-substrate complex, and breaking them down to products |
| Substrate | What goes into an active site of an enzyme |
| Activation Energy | The amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur |
| Catalysis | Acceleration of a chemical reaction |
| Catalysts | Helps chemical reactions start faster, by reducing activation energy |
| Competitive Inhibitor | When a molecule binds to the active site of an enzyme stopping substrate from attaching |
| Denaturation | Process where proteins loss their natural shape and their functions, caused by heat and etc... |
| Noncompetitive Inhibitor | When a molecule attaches to an enzyme, not the active site, but changes the shape of the enzyme |
| pH | The acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution |
| Cyanobacteria | Prokaryotic bacteria, that is able to perform photosynthesis |
| NADPH/NADP+ | High energy electron carrier, used in photosynthesis |
| Adenosine Diphosphate(ADP) | Has two phsophate group, when ATP releases energy it turns into ADP |
| Aerobic | Producing energy with oxygen |
| Anerobic | Breaks down glucose without oxygen, producing energy without oxygen |
| Cellular Respiration | Metabolic reactions where cells convert molecules into ATP, how organism like us gain energy |
| Coenzyme | Organic molecule that is a co factor, helps enzyme catalyze |
| Cytosol | Aqueous part of cytoplasm that surrounds the organelles |
| Electrochemical Gradient | Proton gradient, used to help synthesize ATP |
| Electron | Subatomic particle, gives energy |
| Electron Acceptor | Accepts electrons and passes it to other compounds, oxygen is the last one in cellular respiration |
| Electron Carrier | NAD+ and FAD, accept electrons and donate them |
| Endothermic | Take in heat, or absorption of energy |
| Fermentation | Degradation of sugars or other molecules without oxygen |
| Glycolysis | The process to break down glucose |
| Inorganic Chemistry | The studying of inorganic compounds and behavior of them |
| Lactic Acid | Byproduct of fermentation, caused by break down of carbohydrates when oxygen is low |
| NADH/NAD+ | High electron carriers, used in cellular respiration |
| Organic Chemistry | Studies of properties and reactions of organic compounds, compounds that contain sugar |
| Oxidation | Process when molecules have a loss of electrons or gain oxygen |
| Oxidative Phosphorylation | Uses the ETC as energy to start, metabolic pathway where cell oxidizes nutrients. releasing energy fro ATP |
| Photophosphorylation | Process of photosynthesis, solar energy used to create ATP from ADP |
| Proton | High Energy Electron, gain from light |
| Pyruvate | The product of glycolysis, when glucose breaks down |
| Stimuli | Something that rouses or starts activity |
Created by:
Hector23
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