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Biology-STAAR-Cat 2
Biology STAAR Vocabulary Category 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
DNA | Genetic Material for all life |
RNA | Made from DNA and is important for making proteins. |
Codon | Three nucleotides that code for one amino acid |
Gene | A discreet unit of hereditary information |
Trait | Distinguishing character or quality in an organism |
anticodon | Three nucleotides on tRNA that pair up with three nucleotides on an mRNA codon. |
Transcription | THe process of copying DNA into mRNA |
Translation | The process of building or assembling a protein. |
Gene expression | The process that controls transcription and translation |
Histone | Protein found in chromatin |
Allele | One part of a gene or trait that is inherited from each parent |
Dominant | The allele that requires only one of its type to be present for the trait to be expressed. |
Genotype | The internal hereditary code. |
Heterozygous | Possessing different alleles for a trait. |
Homozygous | Possessing identical alleles for a trait. |
Recessive | The allele that requires two of its type to be present for a trait to be expressed. |
Gamete | Sex cells that are haploid cells. |
Haploid Cell | Contains one of each type of chromosomes. |
Homologous Chromosomes | Matching pair of chromosomes, |
Meiosis | A process in which one diploid cell divides into four different gametes |
Carrier | People who only have one recessive allele for a gene. |
Mutation | A change in genetic information. |