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Sookdeo Bio. Ch . 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| calorie | amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree celsius |
| cellular respiration | process of energy conversion that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen |
| aerobic | pathway of cellular respiration that require oxygen such as the Krebs and the Electron Transport Chain |
| anaerobic | pathway of cellular respiration that does not require oxygen such as Glycolysis |
| glycolysis | process of breaking down sugar; glucose |
| NAD+ | an electron carrier |
| Krebs cycle | second stage of cellular respiration where pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide |
| matrix | innermost compartment of the mitochondria and the site of the Krebs cycle reaction |
| fermentation | absence of oxygen releasing energy from food molecules by producing ATP |
| heterotrophs | an organism that consumes other living things for nutrients |
| autotrophs | an organism that makes its own food |
| electron transport chain | series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high energy electrons; in aerobic cellular respiration most of the ATP is made |
| ATP | made up of adenine, a 5-carbon sugar called ribose and three phosphate groups |
| mitochondria | the organelle responsible for breaking down food into ATP |