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Microbiology

TermDefinition
16S rRNA sequencing Small ribosonal subunit (1550 bp). Sequencing comparing of bacterial 16S rRNA efficiently identifies bacteria. Build phylogentic tree, highly conserved is more similar (close relative). Gold standard in taxanomic identification for microbes
16S rRNA sequencing Process (3 steps) 1) extract 16S rRNA & purify, 2) PCR: denature, anneal, extend; 3) Send for sequencing
Bacterial Conjugation Type of Horizontal gene transfer. Bacterial attachment and sharing of genetic information (can be completely different species), genes are shared as plasmids often in loops
Bacterial Transduction Type of horizontal gene transfer. Bacterial phages (bacterial viruses) transfer genes (virulence and antibiotic resistance) into infected bacteria, similarly to a virus.
Bacterial Transformation Type of horizontal gene transfer. Bacteria that collect and use genetic information from the environment
Horizontal Gene Transfer Passing of genetic information through routes other than parent-to-offspring, culminating in evolutionary effect. 3 major ways: 1)Bacterial conjugation, 2) Bacterial Transformation, 3) Transduction
Created by: rachel.mcnamee
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