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Unit 1
AP Biology Unit 1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adhesion | clinging of a substance to another which helps counter the downwards pull of gravity |
| cohesion | hydrogen bonds holding the the substance together |
| hydrogen bond | hydrogen bonding to another electronegative oxygen |
| polar | species in which has an unequal sharing of electrons |
| surface tension | measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid (related to cohesion) |
| atom | the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element |
| essential element | a chemical element required for an organism to survive, grow. and reproduce |
| macromolecule | giant molecule formed by the joing of smaller molecules, usually by a dehydration reaction (polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids) |
| cleavage | process of cytokinesis in animal cells, characterized by piniching of the plasma membrane |
| dehydration synthesis | |
| hydrolysis | chemical reaction that breaks bonds between two molecules by the addition of water; functions in disassembly of polymers to monomers |
| monomer | the subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer |
| amino acid | an organic molecule possessing both a carboxyl and an amino group. Amino acids serve as the monomers of polypeptides |
| amino-terminus/ n-terminus | |
| carbohydrates | a sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimers ( disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides) |
| carboxyl terminus/c-terminus | |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | |
| Deoxyribose | |
| Hydrophilic | |
| Hydrophobic | |
| Lipid | |
| Nitrogenous state | |
| Nucleic Acid | |
| Nucleotide | |
| Phosphate | |
| Phospholipids | |
| Polymer | |
| Protein | |
| R group | |
| Ribonucleic Acid | |
| Ribose | |
| Saturated Fats | |
| Unsaturated Fats | |
| 3' | |
| 5' | |
| Alpha Helice | a coiled region constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins, arising from a specific pattern of hydrogen bonding between atoms of the polypeptide backbone |
| Antiparallel- in regards to DNA | referring to the arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix (run in opposite 5' -> 3 directions.) |
| Beta-Sheet | one form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the polypeptide chain folds back and forth, two regions of the chain lie parallel to each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds between atoms of the polypeptide backbone |
| Covalent Bond | |
| Double Helix | |
| Peptide | |
| Polypeptide | |
| Primary Structure | |
| Secondary Structure | |
| Subunit | |
| Synthesis | |
| Tertiary Structure | |
| Sugar-Phosphate Backbone |
Created by:
memobarcenas
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