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Genetics and DNA

Genetics and DNA Vocab Review

TermDefinition
Gene Segment of DNA that codes for a trait
Allele One of two forms of a gene (choices)
Genotype Organism's genetic makeup
Phenotype Organism's physical appearance
Punnett Suqare Tool used to organize all the possible combinations of offspring
2 dominant alleles (ex: BB) Homozygous Dominant
2 recessive alleles (ex: bb) Homozygous Recessive
One dominant and one recessive allele (ex: Bb) Heterozygous
Mitosis Cell division that produces body cells with 46 chromosomes
Meiosis Cell division that produces sex cells (egg and sperm) with 23 chromosomes
XX Female sex chromosomes
XY Male sex chromosomes
Mutation A change in DNA that may cause a new trait to be inherited
DNA Our genetic material coiled into chromosomes
Gregor Mendel Studied Pea plants, Father of Genetics
Watson and Crick Discovered complete structure of DNA, double helix
Heredity The passing of traits from parent to offspring
Created by: swilson8
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