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Sookdeo-Biology Ch.4

Ecology

QuestionAnswer
autotroph capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food
primary producers first producer of energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms
photosynthesis process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions
chemosynthesis process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates
consumer organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply
heterotroph organism that obtains food by consuming other living things
detritus material made up of decaying bits of plant and animal material
food chain steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
phytoplankton photosynthetic algae found near the surface of the ocean
food web complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem
trophic levels each step in a food chain or food web
ecological pyramid relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or food web
biomass total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level
biogeochemical cycle elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another
nutrient chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life
nitrogen fixation process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb and use
denitrification process by which bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas
limiting nutrient single essential nutrient that limits productivity in an ecosystem
Created by: dsookdeo
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