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Biology-Chapter2

Chapter 2 - Gullett - Biology

TermDefinition
atom the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element
element a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substance
compound a substance made up of atoms from two or more kinds of elements
ion an atom or molecule that has a charge and is either positive or negative
molecule a group of atoms bonded together with unique properties
hydrogen bond a weak bond formed with a hydrogen atom
cohesion the attractive force between to like molecules
adhesion the attractive force between to different molecules
solution two or more evenly mixed substances
solvent the part of a solution that dissolves the solute
solute the part of a solution that is dissolved
acid substance with a pH less than 7
base a substance with a pH greater than 7
pH measure of acidity based on the abundance of hydrogen ions
monomer molecular subunit of a polymer
polymer a large molecules made of more than five monomers
carbhydrate a category of biomolecules that includes sugars, starches & fiber
lipid a biomolecule of fat molecule or a molecules with similar properties to fat such as oils & waxes
fatty acid a monomer of lipids
protein a biomolecule that is an important part of cells
amino acid the monomer of proteins
nucleic acid a biomolecules that carries genetic information
chemical reaction process by which a substance changes into a different substance
reactant the stating molecule(s) of a chemical reaction
product the ending molecule(s) of a chemical reaction
activation energy the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
exothermic a chemical reaction that releases heat
endothermic a chemical reaction that requires energy
catalyst a substance that decreases the activation energy and increases the rate of a chemical reaction
enzyme a protein that acts as a catalyst in living things
Created by: lpgullett
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