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Bio Test 01/10/2020
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a hypothesis | An educated guess of the answer to your question |
| Steps of the scientific method | Observation, Hypothesis, Controlled experiment, Collect data, Forming a conclusion, Compare conclusion with existing knowledge, Report and publish result, Develop theory. |
| Random selection | A process of choosimg without a method to be scientifically tested |
| Replicate | To repeat the test |
| Double blind testing | When neither the tester nor the patient knows what threatment was given |
| Placebo | A substance with no medication used as control |
| What's an experiment | A controlled test where only 1 variable is changed at a time |
| Food is needed for.... | Energy, Growth of new cells, Repair of damaged existing cells |
| Food also supplies the material and energy for the processes of... | Metabolism Continuity |
| Food is made up of 6 chemical elements | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulpher |
| Salts are made up of... | Sodium, Magnesium, Clorine, Potassium, Calcium |
| What are the 3 trace elements | Iron, Copper, Zinc |
| Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen are required for... | Making carbohydrates, fats, proteins, DNA and vitamins in an organism |
| Nitrogen is required for | Making all proteins (hair, nails, enzymes, hormomes) |
| Phosphorus is an essential element in.. | DNA |
| Sulphur is an essential element in.. | Enzymes |
| Carbohydrates is made of 3 element | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen |
| The chemical formula I learned is | Cx (H2O)y e.g C6 H12 O6, If x is 6 then whatever is after H or something else is the number u multiply by |
| What is a bio molecule | An organic chemical produced and found in a living organism |
| What is the structural role of bio molecules | The function/job of carbohydrates, fats, proteins in making various parts of living things |
| There are w cell structures | Cellulose Chitin |
| Where is cellulose found and what is it's other name | Found in plant cell walls, Polysaccharide |
| Where is chitin found in and what's it's name | Found in fungal cell walls and exoskeletons. Polysaccharide |
| Proteins are like what in nature | Fibrous threadlike |
| Name the 2 proteins and their structural role | Keratin - protein in skin hair and nails. Myosin - protein in muscle |
| Structural role of lipids are.. | Heat insulation, Protection around organs |
| Name the 2 major components in cell membranes | Phospholipids, Lipoproteins |
| Metabolic role of bio molecules | The function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins in the chemical reactions in cells making various substances for living things |
| What does metabolism mean | All the chemical reactions in cells |
| Respiration is... Photosynthesis is... | Respiration is catabolism, Photosynthesis is anabolism |
| All enzymes are... And have a... ..., Enzymes control the... In cells | All enzymes are PROTEINS amd have a FOLDED SHAPE, enzymes control the CHEMICAL REACTIONS in cells |
| 2 types of proteins by their shape. | Globular and Fibrous |
| Globular proteins are... | Long straight chains of AMINO ACIDS with LOTS of foldings, they are the ones that have a metabolic role |
| Fibrous proteins are... | Long chains of AMINO ACIDS with LESS foldings and are involved in structural role |
| Vitamin C is made up of... | Water soluble and ASCORBIC acid |
| Vitamin C's function is... | Building connective tissue, e.g ligaments, blood vessels, skin |
| Vitamin D is made up of... | Calciferol and fat soluble |
| Vitamin D's function is... | Absorb calcium from food |
| Source of vitamin d | Dairy products, egg yolks |
| What are minerals | They are salts formed from the earth's rocks, these mineral salts then dissolve in water and are absorbed by plants, very small amounts |
| In plants what does calcium form | Middle Lamela |
| In plants what does magnesium form | Chlorophyll |
| In plants what does iron form | Enzymes |
| In plants what is copper needed for | Electron transfer chain |
| In animal's what does calcium form | Bones |
| In animal's waht does magnesium form | Bones |
| In animal's what does iron form | Haemoglobin which carries oxygen |
| In amimals what is copper needed for | Electron transfer chain |
| Name some of the physical properties of water | Slow to heat up and cool down, Good absorber of energy, movement of material, controls cell shape, universal solvent, medium for metabolism, reactant/product |
| Organelles I need to know | Cell membrane, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Ribosomes, DNA, Cell wall, Vacuole |
| Eukaryote | Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles |
| Prokaryotes | Organisms whose cels never contain a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles. |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration of that molecule, NO ENERGY REQUIRED |
| Active transport | Movement of molecules from a less crowded to a more crowded area WITH THE USE OF ENERGY. Molecules are carried into or out of the cell using some of the cell's energy. |
| Osmosis | DOESN'T REQUIRE ENERGY. A type of diffusion, the movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration of water |
| Osmosis occurs across a what type of membrane | Semi permeable membrane |
| Osmosis occurs in eveyday life, how? | Food gets preserved with the use of salt or sugar, the loss of water in bacteria and fungus kills them which makes the food last longer e.g jam |
| Membranes can be 3 types of permeable | Permeable - let's everything in and out. Semi permeable - let's some things in and out. Impermeable - let's nothing in and out |
| What is turgid | The pressure of the contents of a cell against the cell wall. |
| What are Enzymes | Enzymes are catalysts made up of protein that speeds up a reaction without being used up in the reaction |
| Most Enzymes are ... Proteins | Globular proteins |
| The substance that an enzyme acts on is it's... | Substrate |
| The substance that the enzyme forms in is called the.... | Product |
| Enzymes = .... | Product Maltose |
| Enzymes are... Which means they only act on.... | Enzymes are SUBSTRATE SPECIFIC which means they only act on 1 SUBSTRATE |
Created by:
balazs7491
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