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Biology Flash Cards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | Smallest unit of ordinary matter that forms a chemical element |
| Element | An essential and unique material made of single atom found in the periodic table |
| Molecule | 2 or more atoms contently bonded together |
| Compound | 2 or more atoms of different elements bonded together |
| Atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus |
| Mass number | the number of protons and neutrons an element has their nucleus |
| Atomic weight | Average mass of an element |
| Valence electrons | The electrons the outer most shell |
| Electron | has a negative charge and is found in the electron cloud around the nucleus |
| Proton | has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus |
| Neutron | has no charge and is found in the nucleus |
| isotope | 2 or more forms of the same element with different neutrons |
| radioisotope | radioactive isotopes |
| electron configuration | distribution of electrons or atoms or molecules in atomic or molecular orbitals |
| bond | 2 or more elements attached together forming a compound |
| polar bond | covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons forming the bond are unequally distributed |
| nonpolar bond | covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons forming the bond are equally distributed |
| hydrogen bond | a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other |
| solvent | the substance that the solute is being dissolved in |
| solution | a mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly distributed in another substance |
| solute | the substance being dissolved |
| hydrophobic | a molecule that is repelled from water (nonpolar) |
| hydrophillic | a molecule that is attracted to water (polar) |
| amino acids | the monomers of proteins |
| nucleotide | the monomers of nucleic acids |
| peptide bond | a chemical bond formed between two molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of the other molecule releasing a molecule of water |
| lipids | fats |
| saturated fat | an unhealthy part of fat, the fatty acids in saturated fat only have single bonds |
| saccharide | a carbohydrate also known as sugar |
| specific heat | heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree) |
Created by:
beaton5817
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