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Biology Vocab

TermDefinition
Atom The smallest and most basic units of life
Element A substance made of atoms with identical number of protons
Molecule A group of elements bonded together
Compound A group of two or more elements
Atomic Number The number of protons an element has
Mass Number The total number of protons and neutrons an element has
Atomic Weight The average weight of an atom
Valence Electron Amount of electron in the outermost shell of an atom
Electron A negatively charged particle found on the shells of atom
Proton A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom
Neutron A neutral charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom
Isotope Different variations of an element but with different amounts of neutrons
Radioisotope Atoms that contain an unstable amount of protons and neutrons
Electron Configuration How the electron are distributed in the shells of the atom
Bond How atoms attracted to each other
Polar Bond When two elements that share unequal amounts of electrons
Nonpolar Bond When two elements that share equal amounts of electrons
Hydrogen Bonds Attraction between a positively charged hydrogen atom and a electronegative atom
Solvent A molecule with ability to dissolve other molecules
Solution A mixture of molecules
Solute A molecule that can be dissolved
Hydrophobic Molecules that do not combine with water
Hydrophilic Molecules that do combine with water
Amino Acid An organic molecule that is a building block for protein
Nucleotide A building block for DNA and RNA
Peptide Bond A chemical bond when carboxyl and the amino group reacts releasing water
Lipid An organic compounds that are fatty acids
Saturated Fat Type of fat which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds
Saccharide The most basic form of carbohydrates
Specific Heat (water) The amount of energy needed to make a water molecule raise 1 degree (4.186)
Created by: Cash Ostberg
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